The correlation between vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid function – short review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.09.051Keywords
vitamin D, autoimmune thyroid disease, Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s diseaseAbstract
Vitamin D is traditionally associated with the regulation of mineral metabolism and bone homeostasis, and its deficiency is the cause of diseases such as osteoporosis or osteomalacia. However, numerous studies in recent years suggest that thanks to the common expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on the cells of the body and the related additional anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, antioxidant, anti-fibrotic vitamin D effects, it may play a role in the development and progress of autoimmune diseases and tumors. The collected data suggest that low vitamin D levels correlate with the occurrence of autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland and that there is a significant correlation between 25(OH)D and anti-TPO or anti-Tg levels. However, these data are inconclusive and further research is needed to confirm this relationship and determine whether lowered vitamin D titer is the cause or rather the consequence of autoimmune thyroid disorders, and whether vitamin D supplementation could prove to be an effective prophylaxis and treatment.
References
Gallo D, Piantanida E, Badino P, Mortara L. The story of a vitamin for bone health that upgraded to hormone for systemic good health. Medicina Historica. 2018;2(3),152–160.
Aranow C. Vitamin D and the immune system. J Investig Med. 2011 Aug;59(6):881-6.
Gallo D, Mortara L, Gariboldi MB, Cattaneo SAM, Rosetti S, Gentile L, Noonan DM, Premoli P, Cusini C, Tanda ML, Bartalena L, Piantanida E. Immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D and its potential role in the prevention and treatment of thyroid autoimmunity: a narrative review. J Endocrinol Invest. 2020 Apr;43(4):413-429.
Makariou S, Liberopoulos EN, Elisaf M, Challa A. Novel roles of vitamin D in disease: what is new in 2011? Eur J Intern Med. 2011 Aug;22(4):355-62.
Kmieć P, Sworczak K. Vitamin D in thyroid disorders. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2015 Jul;123(7):386-93.
Nettore IC, Albano L, Ungaro P, Colao A, Macchia PE. Sunshine vitamin and thyroid. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2017 Sep;18(3):347-354.
Prietl B, Treiber G, Pieber TR, Amrein K. Vitamin D and immune function. Nutrients. 2013 Jul 5;5(7):2502-21.
Illescas-Montes R, Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Ruiz C, Costela-Ruiz VJ. Vitamin D and autoimmune diseases. Life Sci. 2019 Sep 15;233:116744.
Holick MF (2007) Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med. 357(3):266–281
Colotta F, Jansson B, Bonelli F. Modulation of inflammatory and immune responses by vitamin D. J Autoimmun. 2017 Dec;85:78-97.
Rosen Y, Daich J, Soliman I, Brathwaite E, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and autoimmunity. Scand J Rheumatol. 2016 Nov;45(6):439-447.
D'Aurizio F, Villalta D, Metus P, Doretto P, Tozzoli R. Is vitamin D a player or not in the pathophysiology of autoimmune thyroid diseases? Autoimmun Rev. 2015 May;14(5):363-9.
Barragan M, Good M, Kolls JK. Regulation of Dendritic Cell Function by Vitamin D. Nutrients. 2015 Sep 21;7(9):8127-51.
Drozdenko, G.; Scheel, T.; Heine, G.; Baumgrass, R.; Worm, M. Impaired T cell activation and cytokine production by calcitriol-primed human B cells. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2014, 178, 364–372.
Bizzaro G, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and thyroid autoimmune diseases: the known and the obscure. Immunol Res. 2015 Feb;61(1-2):107-9.
Koehler VF, Filmann N, Mann WA. Vitamin D Status and Thyroid Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Thyroiditis. Horm Metab Res. 2019 Dec;51(12):792-797.
Orgiazzi J. Thyroid autoimmunity. Presse Med. 2012 Dec;41(12 P 2):e611-25.
Vieira IH, Rodrigues D, Paiva I. Vitamin D and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease-Cause, Consequence, or a Vicious Cycle? Nutrients. 2020 Sep 11;12(9):2791.
Klecha AJ, Barreiro Arcos ML, Frick L, Genaro AM, Cremaschi G. Immune-endocrine interactions in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2008;15(1):68-75.
Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Corrado A, Di Domenicantonio A, Fallahi P. Autoimmune thyroid disorders. Autoimmun Rev. 2015 Feb;14(2):174-80.
Effraimidis G, Wiersinga WM. Mechanisms in endocrinology: autoimmune thyroid disease: old and new players. Eur J Endocrinol. 2014 Jun;170(6):R241-52.
Goswami R, Marwaha RK, Gupta N, Tandon N, Sreenivas V, Tomar N, Ray D, Kanwar R, Agarwal R. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its relationship with thyroid autoimmunity in Asian Indians: a community-based survey. Br J Nutr. 2009 Aug;102(3):382-6.
Mansournia N, Mansournia MA, Saeedi S, Dehghan J. The association between serum 25OHD levels and hypothyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis. J Endocrinol Invest. 2014 May;37(5):473-6.
Muscogiuri G, Mari D, Prolo S, Fatti LM, Cantone MC, Garagnani P, Arosio B, Di Somma C, Vitale G. 25 Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency and Its Relationship to Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in the Elderly. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Aug 26;13(9):850.
Camurdan OM, Döğer E, Bideci A, Celik N, Cinaz P. Vitamin D status in children with Hashimoto thyroiditis. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2012;25(5-6):467-70.
Unal AD, Tarcin O, Parildar H, Cigerli O, Eroglu H, Demirag NG. Vitamin D deficiency is related to thyroid antibodies in autoimmune thyroiditis. Cent Eur J Immunol. 2014;39(4):493-7.
Kivity S, Agmon-Levin N, Zisappl M, Shapira Y, Nagy EV, Dankó K, Szekanecz Z, Langevitz P, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid diseases. Cell Mol Immunol. 2011 May;8(3):243-7.
Tamer G, Arik S, Tamer I, Coksert D. Relative vitamin D insufficiency in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Thyroid. 2011 Aug;21(8):891-6.
Bozkurt NC, Karbek B, Ucan B, Sahin M, Cakal E, Ozbek M, Delibasi T. The association between severity of vitamin D deficiency and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Endocr Pract. 2013 May-Jun;19(3):479-84.
Shin DY, Kim KJ, Kim D, Hwang S, Lee EJ. Low serum vitamin D is associated with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody in autoimmune thyroiditis. Yonsei Med J. 2014 Mar;55(2):476-81.
Tokić S, Štefanić M, Karner I, Glavaš-Obrovac L. Altered expression of CTLA-4, CD28, VDR, and CD45 mRNA in T cells of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis - a pilot study. Endokrynol Pol. 2017;68(3):274-828.
Botelho IMB, Moura Neto A, Silva CA, Tambascia MA, Alegre SM, Zantut-Wittmann DE. Vitamin D in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and its relationship with thyroid function and inflammatory status. Endocr J. 2018 Oct 29;65(10):1029-1037.
Mirhosseini N, Brunel L, Muscogiuri G, Kimball S. Physiological serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with improved thyroid function-observations from a community-based program. Endocrine. 2017 Dec;58(3):563-573.
Płazińska MT, Czarnywojtek A, Sawicka-Gutaj N, Zgorzalewicz-Stachowiak M, Czarnocka B, Gut P, Karlinska M, Fichna M, Stachowski A, Ruchała M, Krela-Kaźmierczak I, Królicki L. Vitamin D deficiency and thyroid autoantibody fluctuations in patients with Graves' disease - A mere coincidence or a real relationship? Adv Med Sci. 2020 Mar;65(1):39-45.
Mangaraj S, Choudhury AK, Swain BM, Sarangi PK, Mohanty BK, Baliarsinha AK. Evaluation of Vitamin D Status and its Impact on Thyroid Related Parameters in New Onset Graves' Disease- A Cross-sectional Observational Study. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2019;23(1):35-39.
Cho YY, Chung YJ. Vitamin D supplementation does not prevent the recurrence of Graves' disease. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):16.
Ke W, Sun T, Zhang Y, He L, Wu Q, Liu J, Zha B. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D serum level in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but not Graves' disease is relatively deficient. Endocr J. 2017 Jun 29;64(6):581-587.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Małgorzata Piekarska, Marcela Maksymowicz, Radosław Kasperski, Agata Pikulicka, Katarzyna Pacek
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 700
Number of citations: 0
