The gut microbiota and mental health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.09.037Keywords
gut microbiota, mental healthAbstract
INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE
Recent studies have shown that changes in the microbiome, probiotic and antibiotic supplementation, can significantly modulate various forms of neuropsychiatric disorders - such as depression, anxiety and stress-related disorders. There is growing body of evidence pointing to a bidirectional correlation along the brain-gut microbiota line. This axis is connected through endocrine, immune and neuronal pathways. The nerves that make up the enteric nervous system transmit modifications occurring in the gastrointestinal tract and through the vagus nerve to the central nervous system (1). The main purpose of this review is to update recent information on the correlation between the gut microbiota and mental health.
STATE OF KNOWLEDGE
Interactions between the gastrointestinal system and brain function have become an important field of psychiatric research in recent years. Probiotics are thought to be a potentially valuable player in the treatment of many neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the role of specific gut microbiota species in the development of these disorders remains unclear.
CONCLUSIONS
Increasing knowledge of the correlation between gut microbiota and mental health may improve the quality of treatment for patients with neuropsychiatric conditions. Further research on larger groups is needed to assess whether probiotics can modify altered psychological well-being and be integrated into current, conventional treatments.
References
Furness JB, Kunze WA, Clerc N. Nutrient tasting and signaling mechanisms in the gut. II. The intestine as a sensory organ: neural, endocrine, and immune responses. Am J Physiol. 1999 Nov;277(5):G922-8. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1999.277.5.G922. PMID: 10564096.
Desbonnet L, Garrett L, Clarke G, Kiely B, Cryan JF, Dinan TG. Effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis in the maternal separation model of depression. Neuroscience. 2010 Nov 10;170(4):1179-88. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.08.005. Epub 2010 Aug 6. PMID: 20696216.
Rong H, Xie XH, Zhao J, Lai WT, Wang MB, Xu D, Liu YH, Guo YY, Xu SX, Deng WF, Yang QF, Xiao L, Zhang YL, He FS, Wang S, Liu TB. Similarly in depression, nuances of gut microbiota: Evidences from a shotgun metagenomics sequencing study on major depressive disorder versus bipolar disorder with current major depressive episode patients. J Psychiatr Res. 2019 Jun;113:90-99. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.03.017. Epub 2019 Mar 21. PMID: 30927646.
Hu S, Li A, Huang T, Lai J, Li J, Sublette ME, Lu H, Lu Q, Du Y, Hu Z, Ng CH, Zhang H, Lu J, Mou T, Lu S, Wang D, Duan J, Hu J, Huang M, Wei N, Zhou W, Ruan L, Li MD, Xu Y. Gut Microbiota Changes in Patients with Bipolar Depression. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2019 May 15;6(14):1900752. doi: 10.1002/advs.201900752. PMID: 31380217; PMCID: PMC6662053.
Huang Y, Shi X, Li Z, Shen Y, Shi X, Wang L, Li G, Yuan Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Zhang M, Kang Y, Liang Y. Possible association of Firmicutes in the gut microbiota of patients with major depressive disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018 Dec 3;14:3329-3337. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S188340. PMID: 30584306; PMCID: PMC6284853.
Miyaoka T, Kanayama M, Wake R, Hashioka S, Hayashida M, Nagahama M, Okazaki S, Yamashita S, Miura S, Miki H, Matsuda H, Koike M, Izuhara M, Araki T, Tsuchie K, Azis IA, Arauchi R, Abdullah RA, Oh-Nishi A, Horiguchi J. Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 as Adjunctive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder: A Prospective Open-Label Trial. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2018 Sep/Oct;41(5):151-155. doi: 10.1097/WNF.0000000000000299. PMID: 30234616.
Miyaoka, Tsuyoshi MD, PhD; Kanayama, Misako MD; Wake, Rei MD, PhD; Hashioka, Sadayuki MD, PhD; Hayashida, Maiko MD, PhD; Nagahama, Michiharu MD; Okazaki, Shihoh MD; Yamashita, Satoko MD; Miura, Shoko MD; Miki, Hiroyuki MD; Matsuda, Hiroyuki MD; Koike, Masahiro MD; Izuhara, Muneto MD; Araki, Tomoko MSc; Tsuchie, Keiko MSc; Azis, Ilhamuddin Abdul MD; Arauchi, Ryosuke MSc; Abdullah, Rostia Arianna MD; Oh-Nishi, Arata PhD; Horiguchi, Jun MD, PhD Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 as Adjunctive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder: A Prospective Open-Label Trial, Clinical Neuropharmacology: 9/10 2018 - Volume 41 - Issue 5 - p 151-155 doi: 10.1097/WNF.0000000000000299
Asma Kazemi, Ahmad Ali Noorbala, Kamal Azam, Mohammad Hadi Eskandari, Kurosh Djafarian, Effect of probiotic and prebiotic vs placebo on psychological outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized clinical trial, Clinical Nutrition, Volume 38, Issue 2, 2019,Pages 522-528,ISSN 0261-5614, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2018.04.010.
Chahwan B, Kwan S, Isik A, van Hemert S, Burke C, Roberts L. Gut feelings: A randomised, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of probiotics for depressive symptoms. J Affect Disord. 2019 Jun 15;253:317-326. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.097. Epub 2019 May 9. PMID: 31078831.
O’Mahony, S.M. et al. (2009) Early life stress alters behavior, immunity, and microbiota in rats: implications for irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric illnesses. Biol. Psychiatry 65, 263–267
Goehler, L.E. et al. (2008) Campylobacter jejuni infection increases anxiety-like behavior in the holeboard: possible anatomical substrates for viscerosensory modulation of exploratory behavior. Brain Behav. Immun. 22, 354–366
Lyte, M. et al. (2006) Induction of anxiety-like behavior in mice during the initial stages of infection with the agent of murine colonic hyperplasia Citrobacter rodentium. Physiol. Behav. 89, 350–357
Bravo JA, Forsythe P, Chew MV, Escaravage E, Savignac HM, Dinan TG, Bienenstock J, Cryan JF. Ingestion of Lactobacillus strain regulates emotional behavior and central GABA receptor expression in a mouse via the vagus nerve. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 20;108(38):16050-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1102999108. Epub 2011 Aug 29. PMID: 21876150; PMCID: PMC3179073.
Yen-Wenn Liu, Jia Sin Ong, Chee Yuen Gan, Boon Yin Khoo, Sawibah Yahaya, Sy Bing Choi, Wai Yee Low, Ying-Chieh Tsai, Min Tze Liong, Lactobacillus fermentum PS150 showed psychotropic properties by altering serotonergic pathway during stress, Journal of Functional Foods, Volume 59, 2019, Pages 352-361, ISSN 1756-4646, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.043.
Nishida, K.; Sawada, D.; Kuwano, Y.; Tanaka, H.; Rokutan, K. Health Benefits of Lactobacillus gasseri CP2305 Tablets in Young Adults Exposed to Chronic Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2019, 11, 1859. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081859
Yi-huan Chen, Jie Bai, Di Wu, Shou-fen Yu, Xiao-ling Qiang, Hua Bai, Hua-ning Wang, Zheng-wu Peng, Association between fecal microbiota and generalized anxiety disorder: Severity and early treatment response, Journal of Affective Disorders, Volume 259, 2019, Pages 56-66, ISSN 0165-0327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.014.
Lee-Ching Lew, Yan-Yan Hor, Nur Asmaa’ A. Yusoff, Sy-Bing Choi, Muhamad S.B. Yusoff, Nurhanis S. Roslan, Anisa Ahmad, Jamilah A.M. Mohammad, Mohammad Farris I.L. Abdullah, Norzila Zakaria, Normala Wahid, Zhihong Sun, Lai-Yu Kwok, Heping Zhang, Min-Tze Liong, Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum P8 alleviated stress and anxiety while enhancing memory and cognition in stressed adults: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, Clinical Nutrition, Volume 38, Issue 5, 2019, Pages 2053-2064, ISSN 0261-5614, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2018.09.010.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 © The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 769
Number of citations: 0
