Does the “Generation of Freedom” Really Exist? Evidence from Qualitative Research among Polish and Ukrainian Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/HiP.2022.028Keywords
generation, generational identity, youth, Poland, UkraineAbstract
Thirty years after the onset of democratisation in Central and Eastern Europe, the first generations of post-communist societies have been raised, educated and become professionally active. Objectively, they are a specific group of people whose primary and secondary socialisation occurred during a period that differed profoundly from that of their parents and older acquaintances. The article presents the results of a qualitative study conducted among Polish and Ukrainian students to diagnose their subjective generational self-identifications. The aim of the study was to determine whether and how young people in both countries perceive themselves and their social environment, and whether they identify themselves in terms of a unique generation.
References
Ágh, A. (2001). Globalization and Central East European Countries. In: R. Markowski, & E. Wnuk-Lipiński (Eds.). Transformative Paths in Central and Eastern Europe (pp. 93–110). Warszawa: ISP PAN.
Alwin, D.F., & McCammon, R.J. (2007). Rethinking Generations. Research in Human Development, 4(3–4), 219–237. DOI: 10.1080/15427600701663072.
Babakina, O. (2010). Vyvchennia stanu sformovanosti hromadianskosti maibutnoho vchytelia u suchasnykh pedahohichnykh VNZ. Visnyk Zhytomyrskoho Derzhavnoho Universytetu, 49, 12–15.
Batishcheva, O. (2013). Hromadianska osvita yak instrument formuvannia hromadianskoho suspilstva v Ukraini: problemy ta shliakhy yikh podolannia. In: Aktualni problemy hromadianskoi osvity: ukrainskyi ta zarubizhnyi dosvid: materialy Pershoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (pp. 9–15). Ostroh: HO Tsentr demokratychnoho liderstva, Natsionalnyi universytet «Ostrozka Akademiia».
Biernat, T. (2006). Społeczno-kulturowe uwarunkowania światopoglądu młodzieży w okresie transformacji. Toruń: Wydawnictwo UMK.
Bunce, V. (1998). Regional Differences in Democratization: The East versus the South. Post-Soviet Affairs, 14(3), 187–211. DOI: 10.1080/1060586X.1998.10641452.
Creswell, J.W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3rd Ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Diamond, L. (2020). Breaking Out of the Democratic Slump. Journal of Democracy, 31(1), 36–50. DOI: 10.1353/jod.2020.0003.
Diuk, N. (2012). The Next Generation in Russia, Ukraine, and Azerbaijan: Youth, Politics, Identity, and Change. New York: Rowman & Littlefield.
Diuk, N. (2013). Youth as an Agent for Change: The Next Generation in Ukraine. Demokratizatsiya, 21(2), 179–196.
Emeran, Ch. (2017). New Generation Political Activism in Ukraine: 2000–2014. London–New York: Routledge.
Flanagan, C.A. (2003). Developmental Roots of Political Engagement. PS: Political Science and Politics, 36(2), 257–261. DOI: 10.1017/S104909650300218X.
Fournier, A. (2012). Forging Rights in a New Democracy: Ukrainian Students between Freedom and Justice. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Galas, B. (1996). Młode pokolenie transformacji. In: K. Przyszczypkowski, & A. Zandecki (Eds.). Edukacja i młodzież wobec społeczeństwa obywatelskiego (pp. 119–133). Poznań–Toruń: Wydawnictwo Edytor.
García-Albacete, G.M. (2014). Young People’s Political Participation in Western Europe: Continuity or Generational Change?. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Garewicz, J. (1983). Pokolenie jako kategoria socjofilozoficzna. Studia Socjologiczne, 1, 75–87.
Giddens, A. (1976). New Rules of Sociological Method: A Positive Critique of Interpretative Sociologies. London: Hutchinson.
Guzik, A., Marzęcki, R., & Stach, Ł. (2015). Pokolenie ’89. Aksjologia i aktywność młodych Polaków. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Pedagogicznego.
Havrylyshyn, O. (2006). Divergent Paths in Post-Communist Transformation: Capitalism for Art or Capitalism for the Few?. Basingstoke–New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Havrylyshyn, O. (2017). The Political Economy of Independent Ukraine: Slow Starts, False Starts, and a Last Chance?. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hewson, C. (2006). Mixed Method Research. In: V. Jupp (Ed.). The SAGE Dictionary of Social Research Methods (pp. 180–181). London: Sage. DOI: 10.4135/9780857020116.n120.
Hildebrandt-Wypych, D. (2009). Pokolenia młodzieży – próba konceptualizacji. Przegląd Pedagogiczny, 2, 105–124.
Inglehart, R. (1977). The Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles among Western Publics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Inglehart, R. (1990). Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Inglehart, R. (2018). Cultural Evolution, People’s Motivations Are Changing, and Reshaping the World. Ann Arbor: Cambridge University Press.
Islam, A., & Haque, S. (2021). Construction and Validation of a Generational Identity Scale on Bangladeshi Older Adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(703237), 1–15. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.703237.
Kuisz, J. (2018). Koniec pokoleń podległości. Młodzi Polacy, liberalizm i przyszłość państwa. Warszawa: Fundacja Kultura Liberalna.
Kuzio, T. (1997). Ukraine under Kuchma: Political Reform, Economic Transformation and Security Policy in Independent Ukraine. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Mach, B.W. (2003). Pokolenie historycznej nadziei i codziennego ryzyka. Społeczne losy osiemnastolatków z roku 1989. Warszawa: ISP PAN.
Mannheim, K. (1952). The Problem of Generations. In: P. Kecskemeti (Ed.). Karl Mannheim: Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge (pp. 276–321). London: Routledge.
Marzęcki, R. (2020). Pierwsze pokolenia wolności. Uwarunkowania i wzory partycypacji w sferze publicznej polskich i ukraińskich studentów. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar.
McFaul, M. (2009). The Missing Variable: The “International System” as the Link between Third and Fourth Wave Models of Democratization. In: V. Bunce, M. McFaul, & K. Stoner-Weiss (Eds.). Democracy and Authoritarianism in the Postcommunist World (pp. 3–29). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mungiu-Pippidi, A. (2015). The Splintering of Postcommunist Europe. Journal of Democracy, 26(1), 88–100. DOI: 10.1353/jod.2015.0016.
Neundorf, A., Smets, K, & García-Albacete, G.M. (2013). Homemade Citizens: The Development of Political Interest during Adolescence and Young Adulthood. Acta Politica, 48(1), 92–116. DOI: 10.1057/ap.2012.23.
Newcomb, T.M. (1953). An Approach to the Study of Communicative Acts. Psychological Review, 60(6), 393–404. DOI: 10.1037/h0063098.
Nikolayenko, O. (2011). Citizens in the Making in Post-Soviet States. London: Routledge.
Riabczuk, M. (2017). Pierwsze skutki trzech niedokończonych rewolucji na Ukrainie i jednej niewypowiedzianej wojny. Nowa Europa. Przegląd Natoliński, 1, 9–41.
Settersten, R.A. (1999). Lives in Time and Place: The Problems and Promises of Developmental Science. Amityville: Baywood Publishing Company.
Settersten, J., & Mayer, K.U. (1997). The Measurement of Age, Age Structuring, and the Life Course. Annual Review of Sociology, 23, 233–261. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.soc.23.1.233.
Sińczuch, M. (2011). Pokolenia transformacji – relacje społeczne, doświadczenia, strategie młodych po 1990 r. Rocznik Lubuski, 37(2), 49–63.
Strauss, W., & Howe, N. (1991). Generations: The History of America’s Future, 1584 to 2069. New York: Morrow.
Tillmann, K.J. (1989). Sozialisationstheorien. Eine Einführung in den Zusammenhang von Gesellschaft, Institution und Subjektwerdung. Reinbeck: Rowohlt.
Way, L.A. (2004). The Sources and Dynamics of Competitive Authoritarianism in Ukraine. Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 20(1), 143–161. DOI: 10.1080/13523270410001687145.
Wielecki, K. (1990). Społeczne czynniki tożsamości pokoleniowej młodzieży. Studia Socjologiczne, 1–2, 61–82.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Radosław Marzęcki
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Nicolaus Copernicus University fully respects the right to privacy and protection of personal data of all authors. The authors’ personal data is not used for commercial and/or marketing purposes.Stats
Number of views and downloads: 546
Number of citations: 0
