Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
  • Register
  • Login
  • Language
    • English
    • Język Polski
  • Menu
  • Home
  • Current
  • Archives
  • Announcements
  • About
    • About the Journal
    • Submissions
    • Editorial Team
    • Scientific Counsil
    • Redaktorzy tematyczni
    • List of reviewers (2018-2019)
    • Ethical Standards
    • Payments
    • Indexing
    • Privacy Statement
    • Contact
  • Register
  • Login
  • Language:
  • English
  • Język Polski

Historia i Polityka

Druze in Israeli Army: From Blood Brotherhood to Assimilation
  • Home
  • /
  • Druze in Israeli Army: From Blood Brotherhood to Assimilation
  1. Home /
  2. Archives /
  3. No. 35 (42) (2021) /
  4. Artykuły

Druze in Israeli Army: From Blood Brotherhood to Assimilation

Authors

  • Przemysław Mazur Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej, Wydział Nauk Społecznych, Kraków, Polska https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0025-9410

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/HiP.2021.004

Keywords

IDF, Nationality Bill, Israel, Middle East, Druze

Abstract

The Druze are one of the few indigenous ethnic minorities that can serve in the Israeli army (Israeli Defense Forces – IDF), next to the Bedouins and Circassians. This group is loyal to the Israel state from its beginnings. This article has two main purposes. The first, of course, is to describe the history, principles and significance of the Druze service, while introducing the history of this minority in Israel. The second is the question about the current situation of the Druze and Israel’s policy towards its national minorities, especially after the adoption of the so-called Nationality Bill, on Druze example.

References

A Syrian Rebel Massacre at a Syrian Druze Golan Village Presents Israel with New Dilemma. (2017). Pobrane z: https://www.debka.com/syrian-rebel-massacre-syrian-druze-golan-village-presents-israel-new-dilemma/a.

Atashi, Z. (2019). The Druze in Israel: The Question of Compulsory Military Service. Pobrane z: https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/druze-in-israel-and-the-question-of-compulsory-military-service.

Atiya, A.S. (1978). Historia kościołów wschodnich. Warszawa: Instytut Wydawniczy „Pax”.

Basic Law: Israel – The Nation State of The Jewish People, (Unofficial translation by Dr. Susan Hattis Rolef). (2019). Pobrane z: https://knesset.gov.il/laws/special/eng/BasicLawNationState.pdf.

Ben-Dor, G. (1976). Intellectuals in Israeli Druze Society. Middle Eastern Studies, 2(12), 133–158. DOI: 10.1080/00263207608700312.

Ben-Zvi, I. (1954). The Druze Community in Israel. Israel Exploration Journal, 2(4), 65–76.

Berdichevsky, N. (2015). The IDF Sword Batallion. Pobrane z: https://www.newenglishreview.org/Norman_Berdichevsky/The_IDF_Sword_Batallion/.

Brylew, M. (2018). Problemy i wyzwania współczesnego Libanu, Toruń: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku.

Cohen, G. (2018). IDF to Disband Druze Battalion After More Than 40 Years’ Service. https://www.haaretz.com/.premium-idf-to-disband-druze-battalion-1.5363658.

Cook, J. (2018). Israel’s ‘Loyal’ Druze Move into Open Revolt. Pobrane z: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israels-loyal-druze-move-open-revolt.

Dana, N. (2015). Druze Identity, Religion – Tradition and Apostasy. Pobrane z: http://app.shaanan.ac.il/shnaton/15/14.pdf.

Danecki, J. (2011). Podstawowe wiadomości o islamie. Warszawa: Dialog.

Druze in Israel. (2018). IA Inter Agency Task Force on Israel Arab Issues. Pobrane z: https://www.iataskforce.org/sites/default/files/resource/resource-1558.pdf.

Firro, K.M. (1999). The Druzes in the Jewish State: A Brief History. Leiden: Brill.

Firro, K.M. (2005). Druze maqāmāt (Shrines) in Israel: From Ancient to Newly-Invented Tradition. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 2(32), 217–239.

Geller, R.S. (2017). Minorities in the Israeli Military, 1948–58. Washington DC: Lexington Books.

Gellner, E. (1991). Narody i nacjonalizm. Warszawa: PIW.

Hajjar, L. (1996). Making Identity Policy: Israel’s Interventions among the Druze. Middle East Report, 200. Minorities in the Middle East: Power and the Politics of Difference.

Hajjar, L. (red.). (1993). Twenty-five Years of Israeli Occupation of the Syrian Golan Heights. Jerusalem: Arab Association for Development.

Hitti, P. (1928). The Origins of the Druze. New York: Columbia University Press.

Hoog, A. de. (2017). Questions of Identity: the Druze in Israel. An Analysis of How the Establishment of the State of Israel has Affected the Druze Collective Identity. Bachelor Thesis Religious Studies, Supervisor: Prof. dr. Gerard Wiegerss.

IDF – Izraelskie Siły Obronne. (2014). Bojownicy batalionu „Miecz” trenują na północnym regionie. Pobrane z: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u88Ff_QWFaI.

Irshaid, F. (2015). Syria’s Druze under Threat as Conflict Spreads. Pobrane z: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-33166043.

Israeli Army Says Ready to help Druze under Attack in Syria. (2017). Pobrane z: https://www.cufi.org/israeli-army-says-ready-help-druze-attack-syria/.

Jadwiszczok, M. (2010). Pierwsza wojna izraelsko-arabska 1948 roku i jej wpływ na formowanie się Izraelskich Sił Obronnych. Praca doktorska pod kierunkiem Prof. UAM dr hab. Zbigniewa Pilarczyka, Poznań.

Jewish Press News Desk (2014). IDF Brigade Commander Injured in Fighting. Pobrane z: https://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/idf-brigade-commander-injured-in-fighting/2014/07/20/.

Kassem, L. M. (2005). The Construction of Druze Ethnicity: Druze in Israel between State Policy and Palestinian Arab Nationalism. A Dissertation submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy in the Department of Political Science of the College of Arts and Sciences, promoter: prof. Laura Jenkins. Cincinnati.

Kubiak, K. (2013). Wojna o niepodległość Izraela. 1947–1949. Tarnowskie Góry–Zabrze: Wydawnictwo Inforteditions.

Layish, A. (1979). Polygamy and the Druze Family in Israel. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 1(99), 58–63. DOI: 10.2307/598949.

Lennon, D., Bustany, N. (1983). “If You are Not a Jew, You have No Place in Israel”. Journal of Palestine Studies, 2(12). DOI10.2307/2536430.

Levi, S. (2012). Nostalgia za walką: elitarni bojownicy z przeszłości. Pobrane z: https://www.mako.co.il/pzm-magazine/army-stories/Article-e02ab3a159c7631006.htm&sCh=dac23afee62ff210&pId=419406249.

Ludność druzyjska w Izraelu – zbiór danych z okazji święta Proroka Szuaiba. (2019). Pobrane z: https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/DocLib/2019/122/11_19_122b.pdf.

Makarem, S. (2005). The Druze Faith. W: K. Salibi (red.). The Druze: Realities & Perceptions. London: Druze Heratage Foundation.

Melhem, A. (2019). More Druze Risk Prison to Reject Military Service in Israel. Pobrane z: https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2019/04/israel-druze-arabs-refuse-compulsory-military-service.html#ixzz610UBN8J2.

Natur, S. (2002). (red.). Amal Nasereldeen: The Man of the Community and the Country [org. hebrajski], Asia pub.

Naufal, T.P. (2005). Sylvestre de Sacy on the Druze. W: K. Salibi (red.). The Druze: realities & perceptions. London: Druze Heratage Foundation.

Nisan, M. (2010). The Druze in Israel: Questions of Identity, Citizenship, and Patriotism. Middle East Journal, 4(64), 575–596. DOI: 10.3751/64.4.14.

Oppenheimer, J. (1978). The Druze in Israel, as Arabs and non-Arabs: An Essay on the Manipulation of Categories of Identity in a Non-civil State. The Cambridge Journal of Anthropology, 2(4), 23–44.

Parsons, L. (2000). The Druze between Palestine and Israel 1947–49. New York: St Antony’s Series, Palgrave Macmillan.

Po 40 latach działalności: Pułk „Miecz” zostanie zamknięty (2015). Pobrane z: http://web.archive.org/web/20150729021713/http://www.idf.il/1133-22222-HE/Dover.aspx.

Raufman, R. (2011). Defending the House, Relating to the Neighbours: The Druze Versions of ATU 123 The Wolf and the Kids. Folklore, 3(122), 250–263. DOI: 10.1080/0015587X.2011.608263.

Rekhess, E. (2018). The Arab Minority in Israel: Reconsidering the “1948 Paradigm”. Israel Studies, 2(19), 187–217 . DOI: 10.2979/israelstudies.19.2.187.

Rubin, S. (2018). An Alliance Annulled. Pobrane z: https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/08/10/an-alliance-annulled-netanyahu-druze-israel/.

Russell, G. (2016). Spadkobiercy zapomnianych królestw: w poszukiwaniu wymierających religii Bliskiego Wschodu. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego.

Salibi, K. (red.). (2005). The Druze: Realities & Perceptions. London: Druze Heratage Foundation.

Schenke, B. (2005). Druze Identity in the Middle East: Tendencies and Developments in Modern Druze Communites since the 1960s. W: K. Salibi (red.). The Druze: realities & perceptions. London: Druze Heratage Foundation.

Sword Battalion. (2018). Pobrane z: https://www.revolvy.com/page/Sword-Battalion.

Tarnopolsky, N. (2018). Must Reads: A former Israeli General in the Spotlight: ‘If I am not a Jew, then this is not my Country?’. Pobrane z: https://www.latimes.com/world/middleeast/la-fg-israel-general-2018-story.html.

The Druze in the IDF. (2020). Pobrane z: http://www.israel1.org/the-druze-in-the-idf/.

The War of Independence: Operation “Yoav”. (2020). Pobrane z: https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/operation-ldquo-yoav-rdquo-october-1948.

The World Factbook. (2020). Central Intelligence Agency. Pobrane z: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/le.html.

Theodorou, A.E. (2016). 5 Facts about Israeli Druze, a Unique Religious and Ethnic Group. Pobrane z: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/03/21/5-facts-about-israeli-druze-a-unique-religious-and-ethnic-group/.

Tsadok, E. (1973). The Carmeli Brigade in the War of Independence. Tel Awiw.

United States Department of State. (2017). Syria 2017 International Religious Freedom Report. Pobrane z: https://www.state.gov/reports/2017-report-on-international-religious-freedom/syria/.

Wootliff, R. (2018). Israel Passes Jewish State Law, Enshrining ‘National Home of the Jewish People’. Pobrane z: https://www.timesofisrael.com/knesset-votes-contentious-jewish-nation-state-bill-into-law/.

Worringer, R. (2001). The Palestine Druzes: Search for Solidarity and Alliance Formation in Israel. Journal of Druze Studies, 2(1), 101–122.

Yehuda, I. (2015). Batalion mieczy został zamknięty po 41 latach istnienia. Pobrane z: http://www.archives.mod.gov.il/FocusOn/Pages/111015.aspx.

Zdanowski, J. (2010). Historia Bliskiego Wschodu w XX wieku. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich.

Zeedan, R. (2015). Battalion of Arab – The History of the Minorities’ Unit in the IDF from 1948 to 1956. Israel: Ben Shemen, Modan Publishing.

Zeedan, R. (2019). The Role of Military Service in the Integration/Segregation of Muslims, Societies, 1(9). DOI: 10.3390/soc9010001.

Historia i Polityka

Downloads

  • PDF (Język Polski)

Published

2021-03-31

How to Cite

1.
MAZUR, Przemysław. Druze in Israeli Army: From Blood Brotherhood to Assimilation. Historia i Polityka. Online. 31 March 2021. No. 35 (42), pp. 61-76. [Accessed 6 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/HiP.2021.004.
  • ISO 690
  • ACM
  • ACS
  • APA
  • ABNT
  • Chicago
  • Harvard
  • IEEE
  • MLA
  • Turabian
  • Vancouver
Download Citation
  • Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
  • BibTeX

Issue

No. 35 (42) (2021)

Section

Artykuły

License

Copyright (c) 2021 Historia i Polityka

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Nicolaus Copernicus University fully respects the right to privacy and protection of personal data of all authors. The authors’ personal data is not used for commercial and/or marketing purposes.

Stats

Number of views and downloads: 2756
Number of citations: 0

Search

Search

Browse

  • Browse Author Index
  • Issue archive

User

User

Current Issue

  • Atom logo
  • RSS2 logo
  • RSS1 logo

Information

  • For Readers
  • For Authors
  • For Librarians

Newsletter

Subscribe Unsubscribe

Language

  • English
  • Język Polski

Tags

Search using one of provided tags:

IDF, Nationality Bill, Israel, Middle East, Druze

cross_check

The journal content is indexed in CrossCheck, the CrossRef initiative to prevent scholarly and professional plagiarism

Up

Akademicka Platforma Czasopism

Najlepsze czasopisma naukowe i akademickie w jednym miejscu

apcz.umk.pl

Partners

  • Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
  • Akademickie Towarzystwo Andragogiczne
  • Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
  • Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla Polskiej Akademii Nauk
  • Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
  • Instytut Tomistyczny
  • Karmelitański Instytut Duchowości w Krakowie
  • Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego
  • Państwowa Akademia Nauk Stosowanych w Krośnie
  • Państwowa Akademia Nauk Stosowanych we Włocławku
  • Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa im. Stanisława Pigonia w Krośnie
  • Polska Fundacja Przemysłu Kosmicznego
  • Polskie Towarzystwo Ekonomiczne
  • Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze
  • Towarzystwo Miłośników Torunia
  • Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
  • Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
  • Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
  • Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika
  • Uniwersytet w Białymstoku
  • Uniwersytet Warszawski
  • Wojewódzka Biblioteka Publiczna - Książnica Kopernikańska
  • Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Pelplinie / Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne „Bernardinum" w Pelplinie

© 2021- Nicolaus Copernicus University Accessibility statement Shop