A.I. Policy

The journal recognizes the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) in scholarly communication and requires transparent, responsible, and ethical use of such tools by authors, reviewers, and editors.

 

For Authors:

AI tools, including large language models (e.g., ChatGPT), may be used to support manuscript preparation; however, they cannot be listed as authors, as authorship requires accountability that AI systems can not assume.

Authors must disclose any substantive use of AI tools (e.g., text generation, data interpretation, analytical support, or content development) in the Methods section or another appropriate section of the manuscript. The disclosure should specify the tool used and the purpose of its use.

Use of AI solely for language editing (e.g., grammar, spelling, punctuation, readability, or formatting improvements) does not require disclosure, provided that:

  • the original intellectual content was created by the authors;
  • no autonomous content generation occurred;
  • authors accept full responsibility for the final submitted text.

 

Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of all submitted content, including any material generated or assisted by AI tools.

The journal does not generally permit the submission of AI-generated images or videos.

The use of non-generative AI tools for image enhancement, processing, or analysis should be disclosed in the relevant figure caption.

 

For Peer Reviewers

Peer reviewers must maintain the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts and must not upload manuscripts or unpublished manuscript content into public or third-party generative AI tools.

 

If AI tools are used in any way to support the review process (e.g., language refinement or analytical assistance), reviewers must disclose such use transparently in their review report.

Reviewers remain fully responsible for the content, accuracy, and recommendations contained in their evaluations.

 

For Editors

Editors may use institutionally approved AI tools only to support administrative or editorial tasks such as summarization, information retrieval, or workflow assistance.

AI tools must not replace editorial judgment. All editorial decisions remain the sole responsibility of the journal’s editors.

This policy may be updated as standards and technologies evolve.