Jews in Roman North Africa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/BPTh.2014.005Keywords
Jews, North Africa, Byzantine Empire, Justinian, Augustine, Maxim the Confessor, Doctrina Jacobi nuper baptizati, Arab conquest, Berbers, Kahina, forced baptismAbstract
The article surveys the evidence for the existence of the Jewish diaspora in the Roman North Africa. The archaeological sources, such as the synagogue of Naro (Hammam-Lif) are briefly discussed. The evidence of Christian authors, such as Tertullian and Augustine (especially his Letter 8*), is analysed. The deterioration of Jewish status in Africa after the Justinian reconquest is noted, as proved by the terms of Novel 37 and the descriptions of the forced baptism in Carthage in 632 (Maximus the Confessor and Doctrina Jacobi nuper baptizati). The article ends with the discussion of the problem of judaizing Berbers and their resistance to the Muslim conquest, as immortalised in the history and legend of Kahina.
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