“Deceit” and “seal” – two examples of Thomas’ biblical exegesis in the context of the theology of the sacraments
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/BPTh.2015.016Keywords
Holy Spirit, St. Thomas Aquinas, deceit, seal, sacraments, sacramental character, medieval exegesis, Book of Wisdom, 2 Corinthians, EphesiansAbstract
The text presents the interpretation that St. Thomas proposes in the context of the sacramental theology on Wis 1:5 and on the passages of St. Paul’s letters that speak of “sealing” (2 Cor 1:22, Eph 1:13–14 and 4:30). Thomas’ interpretation of “deceit” (fictio) and “deceiver” (fictus) that the Book of Wisdom speaks of fits well in the considerations of his theological predecessors, to begin with St. Augustine. It is also followed by later theologians. In that sense fictio is viewed as an obstacle to the fruitfulness of sacraments. In the second case which concerns the image of the “seal”, Thomas accepts to some extent the theological understanding he inherits (baptism or sacramental character is the seal). At the same time he chooses a different line of interpretation: the seal is the Holy Spirit himself, or some reality strictly associated to his presence by grace. This choice not to link the St. Paul’s passages on the seal with the sacramental character differentiates Thomas from several other theologians who do so. Some documents of the Church also accept the latter opinion what underlines the specificity of Thomas’ stance. The two given examples of St. Thomas’ exegesis show therefore two different cases of his relation to the history of sacramentology: an “unproblematic” and a “complex” one.
References
Aleksander z Hales, Glossa in Quattuor Libros Sententiarum Petri Lombardi, vol. IV, Bibliotheca Franciscana Scholastica Medii Aevi, t. 15, Florentiae 1957.
Augustyn z Hippony, św., O chrzcie (De baptismo contra Donatistas libri septem), ks. A. Żurek (przekład, wstęp i oprac.), Kraków 2006.
Biblia Sacra iuxta Vulgatam versionem, 2 t., R. Weber OSB (recensuit et brevi apparatu instruxit), Stuttgart 19833.
Bouëssé H., Le Sauveur du monde, t. 4, L’économie sacramentaire, Chambéry – Leysse – Paris 1951.
Catechismus ex decreto Concilii Tridentini ad parochos, Augustae Taurinorum19064.
Colish M. L., Faith, Fiction and Force in Medieval Baptismal Debates, Washington D.C. 2014.
Coenen L., Beyreuther, E., Bietenhard, H., Dizionario dei concetti biblici del Nuovo Testamento, Bologna 1976.
Dahan G., Les éditions des commentaires bibliques de saint Thomas d’Aquin, Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques 89 (2005), s. 9–15 (wersja internetowa: www.cairn.info/revue-des-sciences-philosophiques-et-theologiques-2005-1-page-9.htm (dostęp: 28.4.2015)).
Dokumenty Soborów Powszechnych, t. IV, ks. A. Baron, ks. H. Pietras SJ (układ i oprac.), Kraków 2005.
Friedrich, G., Kittel, G., Theologisches Wörterbuch zum Neuen Testament, t. VII, Stuttgart 1964 (wg daty wstępu).
Granat W., Sakramenty święte, cz. I, Sakramenty w ogólności. Eucharystia, Lublin 1961.
Gryglewicz F., Pieczęć i jej symbolika w Nowym Testamencie, Roczniki teologiczno-kanoniczne 10 (1963), s. 5–29.
Jan Damasceński św., Wykład wiary prawdziwej, tłum. B. Wojkowski, Warszawa 1969.
Katechizm Kościoła Katolickiego, Poznań 1994 (wraz z Corrigenda, Poznań 1998).
Lampe, G. W. H., The Seal of the Spirit, London 19672.
Landgraf, A., Die Wirkung der Taufe im fictus und im contritus nach der Lehre der Frühscholastik, w: D. Busnelli i in., Acta Pont. Academiae Romanae S. Thomae Aq. et religionis catholicae, vol. VIII (nova series), Taurini–Romae 1943, s. 237–348.
Leeming B., Principles of Sacramental Theology, London–New York–Toronto 19572.
Pismo Święte Nowego Testamentu w 12 tomach. Wstęp – przekład z oryginału – komentarz, ks. E. Dąbrowski (red.), t. 8, Listy Więzienne świętego Pawła. Do Filipian – Do Kolosan – Do Filemona – Do Efezjan, A. Jankowski (oprac.), Poznań 1962.
Revel J.-P., Traité des sacrements, I. Baptême et sacramentalité. 2. Don et réception de la grâce baptismale, Paris 2005.
Rienecker F., Maier, G., Leksykon biblijny, Warszawa 2008.
Sagne J.-C., Les sacrements et la vie spirituelle, Paris 2007.
Słomka J., Chrzest jako pieczęć, Śląskie Studia Historyczno-Teologiczne 39 (2006), s. 255–271. Wersja internetowa: http://www.wtl.us.edu.pl/e107_plugins/wtl_ssht/index.php?numer=39,2&str=255-271 (dostęp: 23.05.2015).
Tomasz z Akwinu, św. „Commentum in quartum librum Sententiarum magistri Petri Lombardi, w: Opera omnia, t. 7, Parmae 1857 (ks. IV, dystynkcje 23–50).
Tomasz z Akwinu, św. „De articulis fidei et Ecclesiae sacramentis, w: Opera omnia, Editio Leonina, t. 42, Roma 1979, s. 245–257. Tłumaczenie polskie P. Milcarka: O artykułach wiary i sakramentach Kościoła, w: Tomasz z Akwinu, Opuscula, Opera philosophorum medii aevi. Textus et studia, t. 9, fasc. 1, Warszawa 2011, s. 37–61.
Tomasz z Akwinu, św. „In Psalmos Davidis expositio, w: Opera omnia, t. 14, Parmae 1863, s. 148–353.
Tomasz z Akwinu, św. „Liber de Veritate Catholicae Fidei contra errores infidelium seu Summa contra Gentiles, vol. III, cura et studio C. Pera, P. Caramello, Taurini – Romae 1961.
Tomasz z Akwinu, św. „Scriptum super Sententiis magistri Petri Lombardi, t. 4, M. F. Moos (recognovit atque iterum edidit), Parisiis 1947 (ks. IV, dystynkcje 1–22).
Tomasz z Akwinu, św. „Summa theologiae, Alba – Roma 1962.
Tomasz z Akwinu, św. „Super epistolas s. Pauli lectura, vol. I–II, cura R. Cai, Taurini – Romae 19538.
Tomasz z Akwinu, św. „Super Evangelium S. Ioannis lectura, cura R. Cai, Taurini–Romae 19525.
Vulgata Clementina, wersja internetowa: http://vulsearch.sourceforge.net/html/ (dostęp: 28.4.2015).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
CC BY ND 4.0. The Creator/Contributor is the Licensor, who grants the Licensee a non-exclusive license to use the Work on the fields indicated in the License Agreement.
- The Licensor grants the Licensee a non-exclusive license to use the Work/related rights item specified in § 1 within the following fields: a) recording of Work/related rights item; b) reproduction (multiplication) of Work/related rights item in print and digital technology (e-book, audiobook); c) placing the copies of the multiplied Work/related rights item on the market; d) entering the Work/related rights item to computer memory; e) distribution of the work in electronic version in the open access form on the basis of Creative Commons license (CC BY-ND 3.0) via the digital platform of the Nicolaus Copernicus University Press and file repository of the Nicolaus Copernicus University.
- Usage of the recorded Work by the Licensee within the above fields is not restricted by time, numbers or territory.
- The Licensor grants the license for the Work/related rights item to the Licensee free of charge and for an unspecified period of time.
FULL TEXT License Agreement
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 1007
Number of citations: 0