THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION PROPAGANDA NARRATIVES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2021.002Keywords
propaganda, narrative, Russian Federation, EU, disinformationAbstract
The article seeks to research the propaganda narratives of the Russian Federation in Europe. The Russian Federation has a long “successful” history of creating propaganda narratives since Soviet times. Even today, it spreads national and grand narratives to influence the external and internal audience. The narrative method is used to analyse both the content and the structure of the stories. The author makes the conclusion that the main purpose of Russia’s propaganda narratives is to convince its citizens and the whole world of Russia’s indomitable greatness and power, as well as to demonstrate the degradation of Europe and the West in general. To form the image of an invincible fighter for Christian values, the only outpost of stability, development, security (at least in Europe), Russia promotes a grand narrative, which is disseminated through daily disinformation, fakes and propaganda messages. The article finds out how the EU counteracts these destructive influences, specifically owing to the activity of the EUvsDisinfo site.References
A Multi-Dimensional Approach to Disinformation. (2018). Report of the independent High level Group on fake news and online disinformation. Retrieved from https://blog.wan-ifra.org/sites/default/files/field_blog_entry_file/HLEGReportonFakeNewsandOnlineDisin-formation.pdf
Brown, R. (1958). Words and Things. New York: Free Press of Glencoe.
Carey, J. W. (2009). A Cultural Approach to Communication. Communication as Culture. New York: Routledge.
Corman, S. R. (2011). Understanding the Role of Narrative in Extremist Strategic Commu-nication. In: L. Fenstermacher and T. Leventhal (Eds.), Countering Violent Extremism: Scientific Methods and Strategies. Washington, DC: NSI Inc.
Delbanco, A. (1999). The Real American Dream: A Meditation on Hope. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Dimitriu, G. (2013). Strategic Narratives, Counternarratives and Public Support for War: The Dutch government’s explanation of the Uruzgan mission and its influence on the Dutch Pub-lic. Leiden University: Master Thesis, Campus the Hague, 2 February.
Doob, L. W. (1948). Public Opinion and Propaganda. New York: Henry Holt.Ellul, J. (1973). Propaganda: The Formation of Men’s Attitudes. New York: Vintage Books.
EUvsDisinfo. (2020a). Capitalizing on the Coronavirus Conspiracist Frenzy. Retrieved from: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/capitalising-on-the-coronavirus-onspiracist-frenzy/.
EUvsDisinfo. (2020b). It is all in the Headline: the Subtitle Art of Information Manipulation.Retrieved from: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/it-is-all-in-the-headline-the-subtle-art-of-infor-mation-manipulation/
EUvsDisinfo. (2020c). Kremlin Propagandist Doubting the Religion of Denial. Retrieved from: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/kremlin-propagandist-doubting-the-religion-of-denial/
EUvsDisinfo. (2020d). Pro-Kremlin Media on US Elections: from Amplifying Disinformation to Influencing the Perception of the Vote. Retrieved from: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/pro-krem-lin-media-on-us-elections-from-amplifying-disinformation-to-influencing-the-percep-tion-of-the-vote/
EUvsDisinfo. (2020e). Repeating a Lie Does not make it True. Retrieved from: https://euvsdis-info.eu/repeating-a-lie-does-not-make-it-true/
EUvsDisinfo. (2020f ). Revolutions Everywhere: Pro-Kremlin media Covers Popular Protests. Retrieved from: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/colour-revolutions-everywhere-pro-kremlin-me-dia-covers-popular-protests/
EUvsDisinfo. (2020g). Soviet Occupation is a Myth. Summary. Retrieved from: https://euvs-disinfo.eu/report/soviet-occupation-is-a-myth/
EUvsDisinfo. (2020h). Storytelling the Disinformation. Part 4. Retrieved from: https://euvs-disinfo.eu/storytelling-the-disinformation-part-4/
EUvsDisinfo. (2020i). Storytelling the Disinformation. Part 5. Retrieved from: https://euvsdis-info.eu/storytelling-the-disinformation-part-5/.
EUvsDisinfo. (2020j). The Best Defence is Good Offence. Retrieved from: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/the-best-defence-is-good-offense/
EUvsDisinfo. (2020k). The Evil Latin Letters. Retrieved from: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/the-evil-latin-letters/
EUvsDisinfo. (2020l). ‘Tis that Time of Year Again. Retrieved from: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/tis-that-time-of-year-again/
Figgou, L., & Pavlopoulos, V. (2015). Social Psychology: Research Methods. International Ency-clopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition). Elsevier.
Goodall Jr., H. L. (2010). Counter-Narrative, How Progressive Academics Can Challenge Ex-tremists and Promote Social Justice. Walnut Creek: Left West Coast Press.
Horbulin, V. (Ed.). (2017). World Hybrid Warfare: Ukrainian Front [Svitova hibrydna viyna: ukrayinskyi front]. Kyiv: NISD (in Ukrainian).
In-depth Analysis. (2016). EU strategic communications with a view to counteracting propagan-da. Directorate-General for External Policies. Policy Department.
Jowett, G. S. & O’ Connell, V. (2012). Propaganda and Persuasion. Los Angeles: Sage.
Kilcullen, D. (2006). Twenty-Eight Articles: Fundamentals of Company-Level Counterin-surgency. IO Sphere, Summer, 29–35.
Labov, W. (1972). The transformation of experience in narrative syntax. In: W. Labov (Ed.), Language in the inner city. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Lasswell, H. D. (1995). Propaganda. In: R. Jackall (Ed.), Propaganda (Main Trends of the Modern World). Houndmills, Basingstoke: Macmillans.
Lucas, E., & Pomeranzev, P. (2016). Winning the Information War: Techniques and coun-ter-strategies to Russian propaganda in Central and Eastern Europe. Washington, D.C.: Center for European Policy Analysis.
Lutsevych, O. (2016). Agents of the Russian World: Proxy Groups in the Contested Neighbour-hood. Chatham House Research Paper.
Miskimmon, A., O’Loughlin, B., & Roselle, L. (2013). Strategic narratives: communication power and the new world order. London: Routledge.
National Institute for Strategic Studies. (2015). Interpretations of history in the policy of the Russian Federation as a threat to the national security of Ukraine. Analytical report. [Inter-pretatsiyi istoriyi u politytsi Rosiyskoyi Federatsiyi yak zahroza natsionalnoyi bezpeky Ukrayiny. Analitychna zapyska]. Retrieved from https://niss.gov.ua/doslidzhennya/gu-manitarniy-rozvitok/interpretacii-istorii-u-politici-rosiyskoi-federacii-yak (in Ukrainian).
Nimmo, B. (2015). Anatomy of an Info-War: How Russia’s Propaganda Machine Works, And How to Counter It. Retrieved from: https://www.stopfake.org/en/anatomy-of-an-info-war-how-russia-s-propaganda-machine-works-and-how-to-counter-it/
O’Shaughnessy, N. J. (2005). Politics and Propaganda: Weapons of Mass Seduction. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Pacek, P., & Truszczyński, O. (2020). Hybrid War and Its Psychological Consequences. To -run International Studies, 1, 13, 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2020.002
Page, C. (1996). U.S. Official Propaganda during the Vietnam War, 1965–1973: The Limits of Persuasion. London: Leicester University Press.
Romarheim, A. G. (2005). Definitions of strategic political communication. Norwegian In-stitute of International Affairs, 689.
Ruler van, B. (2018). Communication Theory: An Underrated Pillar on Which Strategic Communication Rests, International Journal of Strategic Communication, 12, 4, 367–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/1553118X.2018.1452240
Schmid, A. P. (Ed.). (2011). The Routledge Handbook of Terrorism Research. London: Routledge.
Schmid, A.P. (2014). Al-Qaeda’s “Single Narrative” and Attempts to Develop Counter-Nar-ratives: The State of Knowledge. ICCT – The Hague Research Paper, January.
Shanhina, L. (2012). “Russkiy mir” for Ukraine: Russian and Russ worlds. [“Russkiy Mir” dlia Ukrayiny: Rosiyskyi i Ruskyi Svity]. National Security and Defense, 4–5, 133–134 (in Ukrainian).
Zdioruk, S., & Yablonsky, V. (Eds.). (2014). Ukraine and the project of the “Russkiy mir”: analytical report. [Ukrayina ta proekt “russkoho mira”. Analitychna dopovid]. Kyiv: NISD (in Ukrainian).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 1310
Number of citations: 0
