HOW INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS SCHOLARS EXPLAIN THE WORLD: A WORLD-ECOLOGICAL CRITIQUE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2019.003Keywords
theory of international relations, realism, liberalism, climate change, world-ecology, critical theoryAbstract
The article is an operationalization of a new theoretical-methodological approach to analyzing International Relations discourse. The approach is based on the Critical Theory of International Relations and the concept of world-ecology. It re-conceptualizes the critique of mainstream International Relations theories and paradigms in a way which foregoes the Cartesian dualism of Society and Nature in order to analyze the subject through the dialectical power-capital-nature relation. The article analyzes two contemporary texts from “Foreign Affairs” which defend the realist and liberal theories. It shows that both discourses only stabilize the existing order without challenging it in any way or proposing radical ways of dealing with the ecological crisis. They either ignore environmental issues or treat them as solvable under the current political-economic status quo.References
Agnew, J. (2003). American Hegemony Into American Empire? Lessons from the Invasion of Iraq. Antipode, 35(5), 871-885. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8330.2003.00362.x.
Ashley, R. K. (1981). Political Realism and Human Interests. International Studies Quarterly, 25(2), 204-236. DOI: 10.2307/2600353.
Chakrabarty, D. (2018). Anthropocene Time. History and Theory, 57(1), 5-32. DOI: 10.1111/hith.12044.
Chołaj, H. (2014). Kapitalizm konfucjański. Chińskie reformy ekonomiczne a globalizacja. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Poltext.
Connolly, W. E., & Macdonald, B. J. (2015). Confronting the Anthropocene and Contesting Neoliberalism: An Interview with William E. Connolly. New Political Science, 37(2), 259-275.
Cox, R. W. (1981). Social Forces, States and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory. Millenium, 10(2), 126-155.
Cox, R. W. (2002). The Political Economy of a Plural World: Critical reflections on power, morals and civilization. London and New York: Routledge.
Crutzen, P. J., & Stoermer, E. F. (2000). The “Anthropocene”. IGBP Global Change Newsletter, 41, 17-18.
Cupples, J. (2013). Latin American Development. London: Routledge.
Deudney, D., & Ikenberry, G. J. (2018). Liberal World. The Resilient Order. Foreign Affairs, 97(4), 16-24.
Devetak, R. (2005). Critical Theory. In S. Burchill, A. Linklater, R. Devetak, J. Donnely, M. Paterson, Ch. Reus-Smit, J. True (Eds.), Theories of International Relations. New York: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN.
Falk, R. (2016). On the Legacy of Robert W. Cox. Globalizations, 13(5), 501-505.
Goering, L. (2019). Climate change an 'imminent' security threat, risk experts say. Retrieved 6 March 2019, from: http://news.trust.org/item/20190219234215-xnh52/.
Harvey, D. (2003). The New Imperialism. New York: Oxford University Press.
Hutchings, K. (1999). International Political Theory: Rethinking Ethics in a Global Era. London: Sage Publications.
Keohane, R. O. (2015). The Global Politics of Climate Change: Challenge for Political Science. PS: Political Science & Politics, 48(1), 19-26.
Klementewicz, T. (2010). Rozumienie polityki. Zarys metodologii nauki o polityce. Warsaw: Dom Wydawniczy ELIPSA.
Kotkin, S. (2018). Realist World. The Players Change, but the Game Remains. Foreign Affairs, 97(4), 10-15.
Mach, K., Kraan, C., Adger, W., Buhaug, H., Burke, M., Fearon, J., Field, C., Hendrix, C., Maystadt, J., O’Loughlin, J., Roessler, P., Scheffran, J., Schultz, K. & von Uexkull, N. (2019). Climate as a risk factor for armed conflict. Nature, 570(7760). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1300-6.
Moniz Bandeira, L. A. (2019). The World Disorder.US Hegemony, Proxy Wars, Terrorism and Humanitarian Catastrophes. Springer.
Moore, J. W. (2015). Capitalism in the Web of Life. Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital. Verso.
Moore, J. W. (Ed.). (2016). Anthropocene or Capitalocene? Nature, History, and the Crisis of Capitalism. PM Press.
Moore, J. W. (2017a). Confronting the Popular Anthropocene: Toward an Ecology of Hope. New Geographies, 9, 186-191.
Moore, J. W. (2017b). Metabolic Rift or Metabolic Shift? Dialectics, Nature, and the World-Historical Method. Theory & Society, 46(4), 285-318.
Moore, J. W. (2017c). The Capitalocene, Part I: On the Nature and Origins of Our Ecological Crisis. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 44(3), 594-630.
Neufeld, M. (1995). The Restructuring of International Relations Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ó Tuathail, G. (1996). Critical Geopolitics. London: Routledge.
Patel, R., & Moore, J. W. (2017). A History of the World in Seven Cheap Things: A Guide to Capitalism, Nature, and the Future of the Planet. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Rousselin, M. (2018). A study in dispossession: the political ecology of phosphate in Tunisia. Journal of Political Ecology, 25(1), 20-39. DOI: 10.2458/v25i1.22006.
Saraswat, D., & Meena, K. (2017). Geopolitics and Marginality: Re-imaginations from the South. South Asian Survey, 21(1&2), 112-126. DOI: 10.1177/0971523115592497.
Saward, M., Dobson, A., MacGregor, S., & Torgerson, D. (2009). Trajectories of green political theory. Contemporary Political Theory, 8(3), 317-350. DOI: 10.1057/cpt.2009.11.
Shapiro, M. (1992). Reading the Postmodern Polity. Political Theory as Textual Practise. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Sims, K. (2015). The Asian Development Bank and the production of poverty: Neoliberalism, technocratic modernization and land dispossession in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 36, 112-126. DOI: 10.1111/sjtg.12093.
Solarz, M. W. (2009). Północ – Południe. Krytyczna analiza podziału świata na kraje wysoko i słabo rozwinięte. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego.
Sparke, M. (2018). Globalizing capitalism and the dialectics of geopolitics and geoeconomics. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 50(2), 484-489. DOI: 10.1177/0308518X17735926.
Steffen, W., Richardson, K., Rockström, J., Cornell, S. E., Fetzer, I., Bennett, E. M., Biggs, R., Carpenter, S. R., de Vries, W., de Wit, C. A., Folke, C., Gerten, D., Heinke, J., Mace, G. M., Persson, L. M., Ramanathan, V., Reyers, B., & Sörlin, S. (2015). Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet. Science, 347(6223), 736-747. DOI: 10.1126/science.1259855.
van Apeldoorn, B. (2016). US Foreign Policy from a Critical International Political Economy Perspective: Capitalist Empire and the Social Sources of Grand Strategy. In: A., Cafruny, L. S., Talani, & G. P., Martin (Eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Critical International Political Economy. London: Palgrave Macmilan.
Veltmeyer, H. & Petras, J. (2005). Foreign Aid, Neoliberalism and US Imperialism. In: A., Saad-Filho, & D., Johnston (Eds.), Neoliberalism. A Critical Reader. London: Pluto Press.
Walewicz, P. (2018). “Greening” the Critical Theory of International Relations with the Concept of World-Ecology. Torun International Studies, 1(11), 125-234. DOI: 10.12775/TIS.2018.011.
Wallerstein, I. (1974). The Modern World-System I: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century. New York: Academic Press.
Wallerstein, I. (1984). The politics of the world-economy. The states, the movements, and the civilizations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Welzer, H. (2008). Climate Wars: What People Will Be Killed For in the 21st Century. Polity Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 302
Number of citations: 0
