Evaluation of diabetes patients' knowledge and practice levels about diabetic foot care
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21784/IwP.2024.004Keywords
diabetes mellitus, diabetes complications, diabetic patient, diabetic foot care, knowledgeAbstract
Introduction. Diabetes is a very common public health problem. Diabetic foot is a complication of diabetes and can cause significant foot problems. Diabetic foot wounds are a significant problem with serious consequences for both patients and healthcare systems.
Aim. Our aim in this research was to determine the knowledge and practice levels of diabetic patients regarding diabetic foot care.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted in a cross-sectional descriptive design. Research data were collected from April 2022 to July 2022. The sample was diabetic patients (n=200). A form was used to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients and their knowledge and practice levels regarding diabetic foot care.
Results. Diabetic foot care knowledge level was found to be low in 60.5% of the patients. Additionally, it was determined that 62.5% of the patients had low diabetic foot application. A statistically significant difference was found between the patients' level of knowledge about diabetic foot and their gender, education level, profession, income, place of residence, and whether there is a health center or hospital close to where they live.A statistically significant difference was found between the patients' diabetic foot practice level and their level of education, profession and residence (p<0.05).
Conclusion. It was observed that the level of knowledge and practice regarding diabetic foot was low in most of the patients. Diabetic patients should be informed about foot problems and treatments when they apply to hospitals.
References
American Diabetes Association. 13. Management of diabetes in pregnancy. Diabetes Care.2017;40 (Supplement_1):114–119.
Gürçay, B., & Yılmaz, F. T. Diyabet yönetiminde tele-sağlık uygulamaları. Turkish Journal of Diabetes Nursing. 2022;2(1):11-14. doi : 10.29228/tjdn.57978.
Schleicher, E., Gerdes, C., Petersmann, A., Müller-Wieland, D., Müller, U. A., Freckmann, G., Heinemann, L., Nauck, M., & Landgraf, R. Definition, classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes. 2022;130(S 01):1–8.
Al-Jasim, A., Khalil, O. A., Al-Khafaji, A. O., & Al-Diwan, J. Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Diabetic Foot Patients Admitted to the Surgical Wards at Baghdad Teaching Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study. Al-Jasim. World Journal of Medical Education and Research.2020;23(1).
Tekin Kaya, N. Diabetes mellitus ve öz yönetimi. Afyonkarahisar: Yaz Yayınları.2023:40-49.
Schaper, N. C., Van Netten, J. J., Apelqvist, J., Bus, S. A., Hinchliffe, R. J., Lipsky, B. A., & IWGDF Editorial Board. Practical guidelines on the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease (IWGDF 2019 update). Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2020; 36:3266. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3266.
Zhang, Y., Lazzarini, P. A., McPhail, S. M., van Netten, J. J., Armstrong, D. G., & Pacella, R. E. Global disability burdens of diabetes-related lower-extremity complications in 1990 and 2016. Diabetes Care.2020;43(5):964-974. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc19-1614.
Singh Sarla, G. Anatomical Changes in Diabetic Foot. Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2020;5(1):49-56. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.539654
Armstrong, D. G., Tan, T. W., Boulton, A. J., & Bus, S. A. Diabetic foot ulcers: a review. Jama.2023;330(1):62-75. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.10578.
Saeedi, P., Petersohn, I., Salpea, P., Malanda, B., Karuranga, S., Unwin, N., Colagiuri, S., Guariguata, L., Motala, A. A., & Ogurtsova, K. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2019;157:107843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107843.
Williams, R., Karuranga, S., Malanda, B., Saeedi, P., Basit, A., Besançon, S., Bommer, C., Esteghamati, A., Ogurtsova, K., & Zhang, P. Global and regional estimates and projections of diabetes-related health expenditure: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2020;162:108072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108072
İstek, N., & Karakurt, P. Global bir sağlık sorunu: Tip 2 diyabet ve öz-bakım yönetimi. 2018;4(3):179-182.
Kavuran, E. & Yıldız, E. Tip 2 Diyabet Hastalarının Sağlığı Geliştirici Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Sağlık ve Toplum. 2020;30.2:64-69.
Pollock, R. D., Unwin, N. C., & Connolly, V. Knowledge and practice of foot care in people with diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2004;64(2):117–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2003.10.014.
Alshehri, A. H., Bashir, M. A., Almutairi, A. M., & Turkstani, W. M. Diabetic patients’knowledge and practices about diabetic foot care in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2019; 6(1):2748–2753. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2555171 https://zenodo.org/records/2555171.
Alhaik, S., Anshasi, H. A., Alkhawaldeh, J., Soh, K. L., & Naji, A. M. An assessment of self-care knowledge among patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2019;, 13(1):390–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.010.
Ahmed, S. A., Badi, S., Tahir, H., Ahmed, M. H., & Almobarak, A. O. Knowledge and practice of diabetic foot care in Sudan: A cross sectional survey. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2019;13(4):2431–2435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.06.016.
Bago, B. J. Knowledge, Practice and Barriers of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Among Diabetic Patients in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2017. Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing. 2017;45:19-30.
Mustafa, A., Iqbal, M., & Parvez, M. A. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices of diabetics regarding their foot care. Annals of Punjab Medical College (APMC). 2017;11(1):43–47. https://doi.org/10.29054/apmc/2017.244.
Alatawi, A. A., Alrashedi, M. H., Alqarni, A. M., Almotiri, A. H., Albalawi, S. S., Alshamrani, M. A., & Alasmari, A. F. Assessment of Self-Awareness and Perception of Diabetic Foot Disease among People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Tabuk. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2018;70(6):1025–1029.
Gökdeniz, D., & Akgün Şahin, Z. Evaluation of knowledge levels about diabetes foot care and self-care activities in diabetic individuals. The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds. 2022;21(1):65–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734620926266.
Baynest, H. W. Classification, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism. 2015;6(5):1–9. doi: 10.4172/2155-6156.1000541.
S. Ewais, E., A Ahamed, M., & H Farahat, N. Diabetic Foot-related Knowledge, Health Beliefs and Practices among Diabetic Elderly. Egyptian Journal of Health Care.2021;12(4):302–317.
Solan, Y. M., Kheir, H. M., Mahfouz, M. S., Al-Faify, A. A., Hakami, D. T., Al Faifi, M. A., Hakami, A. W., Hakami, A. H., & Sharif, H. H. Diabetic foot care: knowledge and practice. Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2016;6(6):172–177. doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jem388e.
AL-Kozaay, M. J. The poverty ın Iraq between the reality and the poor planning. Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences. 2016;217(2):9–24.
Sallam, S. A. E. G., & Edison, J. S. Effect of nursing instructions on diabetic patients’ knowledge about peripheral neuropathy and foot care. American Journal of Nursing. 2019;7(4):626–632.
Al-Hariri, M. T., Al-Enazi, A. S., Alshammari, D. M., Bahamdan, A. S., Al-Khtani, S. M., & Al-Abdulwahab, A. A. Descriptive study on the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the diabetic foot. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. 2017;12(6):492–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.02.001.
Chiwanga, F. S., & Njelekela, M. A. Diabetic foot: prevalence, knowledge, and foot self-care practices among diabetic patients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania–a cross-sectional study. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research. 2015; 8(1):1–7.
Pourkazemi, A., Ghanbari, A., Khojamli, M., Balo, H., Hemmati, H., Jafaryparvar, Z., & Motamed, B. Diabetic foot care: knowledge and practice. BMC Endocrine Disorders. 2020;20(1):1–8.
Muhammad-Lutfi, A. R., Zaraihah, M. R., & Anuar-Ramdhan, I. M. Knowledge and practice of diabetic foot care in an in-patient setting at a tertiary medical center. Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal. 2014;8(3):22. doi: 10.5704/MOJ.1411.005.
Alshammari, Z. J., Alsaid, L. A., Parameaswari, P. J., & Alzahrani, A. A. Attitude and knowledge about foot care among diabetic patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2019;8(6): 2089. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_248_19.
Verma, M., Sharma, N., Rashi, V. A., Bashar, M. A., Nath, B., & Kalra, S. Diabetic Foot Care Knowledge and Practices in Rural North India: Insights for Preventive Podiatry. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 2021;69(2):30–34.
Moh’d Al-Qaddah, R., Abdallah Al Eyadeh, M. D., Ma’en Zaid Abu-Qamar, D. N., Younes, N., Al-Ryalat, D., & Haddad, F. Knowledge and practice of foot care among diabetics at King Hussein Medical Center, Jordan. JRMS. 2016;23(3):55–63.
Goweda, R., Shatla, M., Alzaidi, A., Alzaidi, A., Aldhawani, B., Alharbi, H., Sultan, N., Alnemari, D., & Rawa, B. Assessment of knowledge and practices of diabetic patients regarding diabetic foot care, in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care. 2017;3(1):17. doi: 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20170301.14.
Noaman, A. A. Assessment of preventive foot care practices among patients with diabetes mellitus type II. Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad. 2017;59(3):244–248.
Karadağ, F. Y., Saltoğlu, N., Ak, Ö., Aydın, G. Ç., Şenbayrak, S., Erol, S., Özatağ, D. M., Kadanalı, A., Küçükardalı, Y., & Çomoğlu, Ş. Foot self-care in diabetes mellitus: evaluation of patient awareness. Primary Care Diabetes. 2019;13(6):515–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2019.06.003.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 646
Number of citations: 0