“lo, the heavens, and the heavens of the heavens do not contain Thee” (1 Kings 8:27)
The Lost Painting of the Risen Christ Appearing to Mary (1506) from the Convent of the Poor Clares in Wroclaw and the Relationship Between Faith and Touch
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/AUNC_ZiK.2022.004Keywords
Christophany,, The Risen Christ Appearing to the Virgin, Noli me tangere, Incredulity of Thomas, Late Gothic painting, Silesia, Wrocław, Poor ClaresAbstract
The article deals with a lost painting featuring the Risen Christ Appearing to Mary, created in 1506 and originating from the former convent of the Poor Clares in Wrocław (before 1945: Breslau). The reason for providing a separate study to this particular object lies primarily in its rare, even on a European scale, iconography, being a merge of apocryphal and biblical scenes and at the same time synthesizing medieval descriptions of Christophany, especially those written by Franciscan authors. What is more, the artwork proves to be all the more complex in its intellectualand ideological eloquence, the more educated and aware of its meditative goals the Poor Clares praying before it were. The nuns being less advanced in their studies could, with its help, especially at Easter, worship Mary Queen of Heaven (Regina Caeli) and the mother of God. On the other hand, the spiritually and mentally more mature Poor Clares, aware of the fact that the possibility of touching, let alone embracing, God and Mary is the privilege of those whose faith remains unshaken, the image could lead deeper and support contemplation intended to result, according to St. Clare’s recommendations, “in clinging to His most sweet Mother who carried a Son whom ‘the heavens cannot contain'.”
References
Adamski, Jakub. Gotycka architektura sakralna na Śląsku w latach 1200–1420. Główne kierunki rozwoju. Kraków: Societas Vistulana, 2017.
Baert, Barbara. „An Odour, a Taste, a Touch. Impossible to Describe. Noli me tangere and the Senses.” W Religion and the Senses in Early Modern Europe, red. Wietse de Boer i Christine Goettler, 111–151. Leiden: Brill, 2013.
Baert, Barbara. Interruptions and Transitions: Essays on the Senses in Medieval and Early Modern Visual Culture. Leiden–Boston: Brill, 2019.
Baert, Barbara. „The Pact Between Space and Gaze. The Narrative and the Iconic in ‘Noli Me Tangere'.” W Noli me Tangere in Interdisciplinary Perspective. Textual, Iconographic and Contemporary Interpretations, red. Reimund Bieringer, Barbara Baert, i Karlijn Demasure, 191–216. Leuven–Paris–Bristol: Peeters, 2016.
Baert, Barbara. To Touch with the Gaze. Noli me tangere and the Iconic Space. Oostakker: Sintjoris, 2012.
Bartal, Renana. „Reading the Meditationes Vitae Christi on the Mount of Light, Perugia.” W The Meditationes Vitae Christi Reconsidered. New Perspectives on Text and Image, red. Holly Flora i Peter Tóth, 111–128. Turnhout: Brepols, 2021.
Benay, Erin E. „Touch Me, Touch Me Not. The Doubting Thomas and the ‘Noli Me Tangere' in Later Renaissance Art.” Noli me Tangere in Interdisciplinary Perspective. Textual, Iconographic and Contemporary Interpretations, red. Reimund Bieringer, Barbara Baert, i Karlijn Demasure, 313–332. Leuven–Paris–Bristol: Peeters, 2016.
Bo, Ragnhild M. „The Resurrected Christ Appearing to His Mother in Late Medieval Netherlandish Altarpieces.” Konsthistorisk Tidsskrift / Journal of Art History 89, nr 3 (2020): 165–190 https://doi.org/10.1080/00233609.2020.1770856
Breckenridge, James D. „‘Et Prima Vidit’: The Iconography of the Appearance of Christ to His Mother.” The Art Bulletin 39, nr 1 (1957): 9–32.
Burgermeister, Ludwig, i Günther Grundmann. Die Kunstdenkmaler der Stadt Breslau. T. 2 Die kirchlichen Denkmäler der Altstadt. Breslau: Wilh. Gottl. Korn Verlag, 1933.
Büsching, Johann Gustav Gottlieb. Wöchentliche Nachrichten für Freunde der Geschichte, Kunst und Gelahrtheit des Mittelalters. Breslau: Korn, 1816.
Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae. T. 7 Regesten zur schlesischen Geschichte. Cz. 2 Bis zum Jahre 1280. Red. Colmar Grünhagen. Breslau: Josef Max & Comp, 1875.
Czachorowska, Irena. „Książka w rękach klarysek śląskich.” Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny „Sobótka” 31 (1966): 407–419.
Dobrzeniecki, Tadeusz. „Legenda średniowieczna w piśmiennictwie i sztuce – Chrystofania Marii.” W Średniowiecze. Studia o kulturze II, red. Julian Lewański, 7–131. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, 1965.
Eysymontt, Janina. „Architektura pierwszych kościołów franciszkańskich na Śląsku.” W Z dziejów sztuki śląskiej, red. Zygmunt Świechowski, 41–92. Warszawa: PWN, 1978.
Flora, Holly. The Devout Belief of the Imagination: The Paris „Meditationes Vitae Christi” and Female Franciscan Spirituality in Trecento Italy. Tournhout: Brill, 2009.
Guldan-Klamecka, Bożena, i Anna Ziomecka. Sztuka na Śląsku XII–XVI w. Wrocław: Muzeum Narodowe we Wrocławiu, 2003.
Helfta, Gertrudis van. Het boek der bijzondere genade van Mechtild van Hackeborn. Red. Richard Louis Jean Bromberg. Zwolle: W.E.J. Tjeenk Willink, 1965.
Horowski, Aleksander. „Ordinationes Monasterii Wratislaviensis: i piů antichi statuti per le monache dell’Ordine di San Damiano.” Collectanea Franciscana 88 (2018): 91–145.
Ishikawa, Chiyo.The Retablo de Isabel la Católica by Juan de Flandes and Michel Sittow. Turnhout: Brepols, 2004.
Jansen, Katherine Ludwig. The Making of the Magdalen. Preaching and Popular Devotion in the Later Middle Ages. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999.
Kalesse, Eugen. Führer durch die Sammlungen des Museums Schlesischer Altertümer. Breslau: Druck von Robert Nischkowsky, 1883.
Kames, Michelle. Imagination, Meditation and Cognition in the Middle Ages. Chicago–London: The University of Chicago Press, 2011.
Knötel, Paul. Kirchliche Bilderkunde Schlesiens: ein Hilfsbuch zur Geschichte und Kunstgeschichte Schlesiens. Glatz: Gebrüder Jenkner, 1929.
Kohlhaussen, Heinrich. Schlesischer Kulturspiegel im Rahmen der Kunstsammlungen der Stadt Breslau. Breslau: Schlesisches Museum für Kunstgewerbe und Altertümer, 1935.
Luchs, Hermann. „Schlesische Inschriften vom XIII bis XVI Jahrhundert.” Schlesiens Vorzeit in Bild und Schrift 3 (1881): 329–344.
Łukaszewicz, Piotr. „Śląskie Muzeum Przemysłu Artystycznego i Starożytności.” W Muzea Sztuki w dawnym Wrocławiu / Kunstmuseen im alten Breslau, red. Piotr. Łukaszewicz, 97–122. Wrocław: Muzeum Narodowe we Wrocławiu, 1998.
Patała, Agnieszka. Pod znakiem świętego Sebalda. Rola Norymbergi w kształtowaniu późnogotyckiego malarstwa tablicowego na Śląsku. Wrocław: Via Nova, 2018.
Patała, Agnieszka. „The Convent of Poor Clares in Breslau and its Medieval Furnishings.” Convivium Supplementum 1 (2022): 112–135.
Rafanelli, Lisa Marie. „To Touch or Not to Touch? The Noli Me Tangere and Incredulity of Thomas in Word and Image from Early Christianity to the Ottonian period.” W To Touch or Not to Touch? Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Noli Me Tangere, red. Reimund Bieringer, Karlijn Demasure, i Barbara Baert, 139–179. Leuven: Peeters 2013.
Rudy, Kathryn. „Touching the Book again: The Passional of Abbess Kunigunde of Bohemia.” W Codex und Material, red. Patrizia Carmassi i Gia Toussaint, 247–257. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2018.
Schreiber, Wilhelm Ludwig. Handbuch der Holz- und Metallschnitte des XV. Jahrhunderts. T. 1 Mit Darstellungen aus dem Alten und Neuen Testament, den apokryphen Evangelien und biblischen Legenden. Leipzig: Hiersemann, 1926.
Schultz, Alwin. Urkundliche Geschichte der Breslauer Maler-Innung in den Jahren 1345 bis 1523. Breslau: J. U. Kern, 1866.
Sutowicz, Anna. „Maryja w duchowości śląskich klarysek i benedyktynek w okresie Średniowiecza.” Perspectiva. Legnickie Studia Teologiczno-Historyczne 18 (2011): 209–225.
Sutowicz, Anna. „Życie wewnętrzne w klasztorze klarysek wrocławskich w średniowieczu.” Rozprawa doktorska, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, 2002.
Teksty o Matce Bożej. Franciszkanie średniowieczni. Oprac. Maurycy Stanisław Wszołek OFMConv. Teresin: Wydawnictwo Ojców Franciszkanów Niepokalanów, 1992.
The Meditationes Vitae Christi Reconsidered. New Perspectives on Text and Image. Red. Holly Flora i Peter Tóth. Turnhout: Brepols, 2021.
Tóth, Peter, i Dávid Falvay. „New Light on the Date and Authorship of the ‘Meditationes Vitae Christi'.” W Devotional Culture in Late Medieval England and Europe. Diverse Imaginations of Christ’s Life, red. Stephen Kelly i Ryan Perry, 17–105. Turnhaut: Brepols, 2014.
Toussaint, Gia. Das Passional Der Kunigunde Von Böhmen: Bildrhetorik und Spiritualität. Paderborn: Schöningh, 2003.
Weniger, Matthias. Sittow, Morros, Juan de Flandes. Drei Maler aus dem Norden am HofIsabellas von Kastilien. Kiel: Ludwig, 2011.
Wood, Jeryldene M. Women, Art, and Spirituality. The Poor Clares of Early Modern Italy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Ziomecka, Anna. „Poliptyk Ukrzyżowania.” W Malarstwo gotyckie w Polsce, red. Adam S. Labuda i Krystyna Secomska, t. 2 Katalog zabytków, 287–288. Dzieje Sztuki Polskiej, t. II, cz. 3. Warszawa: DiG, 2004.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Agnieszka Patała
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
CC BY ND 4.0. The Creator/Contributor is the Licensor, who grants the Licensee a non-exclusive license to use the Work on the fields indicated in the License Agreement.
- The Licensor grants the Licensee a non-exclusive license to use the Work/related rights item specified in § 1 within the following fields: a) recording of Work/related rights item; b) reproduction (multiplication) of Work/related rights item in print and digital technology (e-book, audiobook); c) placing the copies of the multiplied Work/related rights item on the market; d) entering the Work/related rights item to computer memory; e) distribution of the work in electronic version in the open access form on the basis of Creative Commons license (CC BY-ND 3.0) via the digital platform of the Nicolaus Copernicus University Press and file repository of the Nicolaus Copernicus University.
- Usage of the recorded Work by the Licensee within the above fields is not restricted by time, numbers or territory.
- The Licensor grants the license for the Work/related rights item to the Licensee free of charge and for an unspecified period of time.
FULL TEXT License Agreement
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 511
Number of citations: 0