The Union of 1707 and the Scottish Enlightenment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/RF.2018.024Słowa kluczowe
unia 1707 r., szkockie oświecenie, związki intelektualneAbstrakt
Unia z 1707 roku a szkockie oświecenie
Unia angielsko-szkocka zawarta w 1707 roku była aktem politycznym o wielkim znaczeniu, ale nie ograniczała się do decyzji podjętych przez polityków. Między rokiem 1698 a 1707 autorzy szkoccy opublikowali ponad sześćdziesiąt broszur poświęconych sytuacji wewnętrznej ich kraju oraz jego relacjom z Anglią. Z wyjątkiem prac Andrew Fletchera of Saltoun, są one pomijane milczeniem przez historyków, którzy mimo upływu wielu lat od zawarcia unii nadal skupiają się na pytaniu, czy była ona aktem zdrady narodowej, czy rozsądną i dalekowzroczną decyzją. Opinie wyrażone we wspomnianych pracach zasługują na bliższe poznanie, ponieważ nie tylko pozwalają stwierdzić, jakie poglądy na kwestie polityczne, religijne, ekonomiczne i narodowe dominowały w Szkocji, ale też dowiedzieć się, czy istniał związek intelektualny między debatą, która poprzedziła zawarcie unii, a szkockim oświeceniem. Mimo że w debacie brakowało kilku wątków, które przyciągały uwagę wybitnych postaci szkockiego oświecenia, między innymi Davida Hume’a, Adama Smitha czy Williama Robertsona, to należy stwierdzić, że pod wieloma względami debata z początku stulecia miała silny i trwały wpływ na rozwój intelektualny Szkocji przez cały wiek XVIII.
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