Growing Online Interest in ERNIE Bot Released Since 2022: An Analysis of Baidu Index Data
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/PPS.2025.25.66078Keywords
search engine, Baidu index, ERNIE Bot, ChatGPT, data miningAbstract
Objective: Current evidence shows that since the launch of ERNIE (Enhanced Representation through kNowledge IntEgration) Bot, the public interest in it has been growing, which may have an impact in different fields. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze the Baidu index of ERNIE Bot to reveal the public's attention to this technology and the trend of online search behavior in the past two years.
Methods: We used Baidu Index, a publicly available database to access query data in systematic and quantitative fashion, to search for key terms related to ERNIE Bot. We retrieved the search volume of two AI language models, ERNIE Bot and ChatGPT, extracted data over the time range from December 26, 2022(it is the inception of the comprehensive public release of large AI language models) to December 26, 2024. Results were given in search index.
Results: We observed that, since August 14, 2023, there has been a surge in public interest towards ERNIE Bot, preceded by fluctuations in this trend. Notably, this interest primarily dipped to its lowest ebb during traditional Chinese holidays, as well as winter and summer vacations. Compared with the same type of AI language model ChatGPT, the search interest of ERNIE Bot is significantly higher after August 14,2023.
Conclusion: The opening of ERNIE Bot to the public has sparked a notable increase in its visibility among the general populace. Its complimentary access, localized functionalities, and alignment with the educational requirements of the public have collectively sustained its search interest at an elevated level for an extended period. The escalating interest in ERNIE Bot among the public suggests a concurrent rise in market attention and user base, which is poised to foster its application across diverse domains such as education and enterprises. Consequently, this will generate a more diversified array of user needs and feedback.
References
Adelhoefer, S., Henry, T. S., Blankstein, R., et al. (2021). Declining interest in clinical imaging during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of Google Trends data. Clinical Imaging, 73, 20–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.11.037
Bai, Z., & Lu, W. (2022). Temporal and spatial characteristics and factor analysis of online attention to Dunhuang tourism. Journal of the Hebei Academy of Sciences, 39(3), 75-80. https://doi.org/10.16191/j.cnki.hbkx
Bergemann, D., Bonatti, A., & Smolin, A. (2018). The design and price of information. American Economic Review, 108(1), 1–48. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20161079
Bond, M., Marín, V. I., Dolch, C., Bedenlier, S., & Zawacki-Richter, O. (2021). A systematic review of research on personalized learning: Personalized by whom, to what, how, and for what purpose(s)? Educational Psychology Review, 33(4), 1475–1502. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09615-8
ChatGPT: Value, Applications, and Governance. (2023). China Development Observation. https://www.develpress.com/?p=4762
Chen, S., Xu, J., Zhang, Y., & Su, H. (2024). An analysis of AIGC corpus utilization: A case study of the traditional Chinese festival Spring Festival. Journalism Lovers, 9, 37-41. https://doi.org/10.16017/j.cnki.xwahz.2024.09.007
China Daily. (2023, August 31). Baidu's Wen Xin Yi Yan opens to all users. Tech.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved from https://tech.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202308/31/WS64f015e3a310936092f1f9f9.html
China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC). (2024). The 54th China statistical report on internet development. http://www3.cnnic.cn/n4/2024/0829/c88-11065.html
Drachsler, H., & Kirschner, P. A. (2022). Personal learning environments and personalized learning in the education field: Challenges and future trends. In A. R. Timms, B. J. Fraser, & A. C. Tan (Eds.), Learning Environments Research: Emerging Trends (pp. 205–225). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9315-2_13
He, Z., Teng, L., & Tan, Q. (2022). Utilizing Baidu Index to Track Online Interest in Influenza during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China. Cureus, 14(8), e27582. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.27582
Lalchandani, G. (2024, March 11). Personalized learning for Gen Z: How customized content is reshaping education. Express Computer. Athena Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/trade-journals/personalised-learning-gen-z-howcustomised/docview/2955019834/se-2?accountid=48841
Li, Z. (2022). The difficulty of resolving exam-oriented education issues in the short term. China Education Online. https://news.eol.cn/lzmzl/202205/t20220510_2224384.shtml
Long, H., Wang, M., Tan, Q., Chen, P., & Teng, L. (2022). Increasing interest in inclusive education in the context of the Action Plan for the Development and Enhancement of Special Education during the Fourteenth Five-Year Period in China: An analysis of Baidu Index data. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 12(12), 215–219. https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.12.033
Lu, C., Zuo, X., Jin, B., Zhang, H., & Zhang, N. (2024). Research and exploration on the application of large models in industrial safety. New Industrialization, 14(7), 85-95. https:/10.3969/j.issn.2095-6649.2024.07.012
Nuti, S. V., Wayda, B., Ranasinghe, I., et al. (2014). The use of Google Trends in health care research: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 9(10), e109583. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109583
Qiu, G. T., & Qiang, J. D. (2024). China's approach to the intelligent revolution. Zhejiang Academic Journal, 6, 115-124. https://doi.org/10.16235/j.cnki.33-1005/c.2024.06.011
Rosenkrantz, A. B., & Prabhu, V. (2016). Public interest in imaging-based cancer screening in the United States: An analysis using web-based search tools. American Journal of Roentgenology, 206(1), 113–118. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.15.14823
Tan, Q., Ao, Y., & Teng, L. (2024). Utilizing Baidu Index data to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of public concern towards lifelong education. Quality in Sport, 27, 55688. https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2024.27.55688
Tan, Q., He, F., & Teng, L. (2022a). Using Baidu index to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of public concern towards knowledge management in China. Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series “Economics”, 9(3), 48-55. https://doi.org/10.52566/msuecon.9(3).2022.48-55
Tan, Q., He, F., & Teng, L. (2022b). Using Baidu Index to Understand the Public Concern of Children’s Mental Health in Mainland China in the Context of COVID-19 Epidemic. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 12(10), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.10.022
Tan, Q., Wang, M., Teng, L., & He, F. (2022). Raising interest in master of physical education during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of Baidu Index data. Quality in Sport, 8(1), 70–75. https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2022.08.01.006
Tan, Q., Yang, Y., Lu, B., He, H., & Teng, L. (2024). Use of the Baidu Index to Measure Public Attention in China on the China–Myanmar Border. Sage Open, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241303578
Underwood, J., & Banyard, P. (2020). Developing personalized education: A dynamic framework. Educational Psychology Review, 32(3), 719–738. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09570-w
Viberg, O., Mavroudi, A., & Wärvik, G. B. (2022). A systematic literature review on personalised learning in the higher education context: Technologies, pedagogical approaches, challenges, and opportunities. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 27(3), 605–627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-022-09628-4
Wang, S., & Zhang, C. (2023). A review of domestic and international ChatGPT research and prospects: A humanities and social sciences perspective. Journal of Chongqing Technology and Business University, Social Sciences Edition, 40(5), 1–14. Retrieved from https://journal.ctbu.edu.cn/sk/cqgssk/article/abstract/20230501
Wang, T., Xia, Q., Chen, X., & Jin, X. (2020). Use of Baidu Index to Track Chinese Online Behavior and Interest in Kidney Stones. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 13, 705–712. https://doi.org/10.2147/rmhp.s245822
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Qinyi Tan, Xin Liu, Luyan Teng

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 71
Number of citations: 0