ISLAMIC STATE AND RESHAPING THE MIDDLE EAST: WAR ON TERRORISM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/cjps.2015.01.06Słowa kluczowe
Daesh, Middle East, Terrorism, Islam, Jordan, Critical Discourse AnalysisAbstrakt
A war on terrorism was verbally declared by US President G.W. Bush on 11 September 2001. This declaration was a response to the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon. The crash of the two planes, people throwing themselves from the burning towers, the smoke and the panic evoked enormous emotions. It highlighted shortly afterwards the distinction between the“us” and “them”. “Every nation, in every region, now has a decision to make. Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists. From this day forward, any nation that continues to harbor or support terrorism will be regarded by the United States as a hostile regime” (Bush, 2001). In this communication we will argue that the speeches on terrorism, which have been part of American politics for a long period of time, are finding their place in the Middle East. The emergence of Daesh reframed the speeches in this part of the world and created a new terminology of modern Islam, real Islam, etc. These speeches became the way that leaders of countries use to justify their participation in the war against this entity. Among these countries is Jordan. In this paper, we will focus on the construction of identities of “us” and “them” used in the propaganda of Daesh and the speeches of king Abdullah II especially after the horrible death of the Jordanian Pilot Muath Al Kassassbeh using the Critical Discourse Analysis Methods.Bibliografia
Abuqudairi, A. (2015, February 3). Jordanians held hostage to pilot’s saga. Retrieved from http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/02/jordanians-held-hostage-pilot-saga-150203 042206234.html.
Al Qaeda female bombers signal despair – analysts. (2008, January 6). Retrieved from http://www.jordantimes.com/news/region/al-qaeda-female-bombers-signal-despair- analysts.
Bush, G.W. (2001, September 20). Transcript of President Bush’s address to a joint session of Congress on Thursday night. Retrieved from http://edition.cnn.com/2001/US/09/20/gen.bush.transcript/.
Call Islamic State QSIS instead, says globally influential Islamic authority. (2014, August 27). Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/27/islamicstate-isis-al-qaida-separatists-iraq-syria.
Daech, ISIS, ISIL, EII L, EII S… Propagande et logomachies. (2014, October 23). Retrieved from http://www.psyops.fr/2014/10/25/daech-daesh-isis-isil-eiil-eiis-propagande-logomachie/.
Fairclough, N. (2003). Analysing discourse: Textual analysis for social research. London:Routledge.
Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. London: Longman Press.
Fairclough, N. (2001). Critical discourse analysis as a method in social scientific research. In Wodak, R. & Meyer, M. Methods of critical discourse analysis (121–138). London: Sage.
Fairclough, N. & Wodak, R. (1997). Critical discourse analysis. In T. van Dijk (ed.), Discourse as Social Interaction. 2, 258–284. London: Sage.
Freij, M. (2015, February 2). Best-selling author Coelho calls for solidarity with Jordanian pilot. Retrieved from http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/best-selling-author-coelho-calls-solidarity-jordanian-pilot.
Jordan executes two terror convicts hours after pilot’s death. (2015, February 4). Retrieved from http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/jordan-executes-two-terrorconvicts-hours-after-pilots-death.
Muath, not Rishawi, is Jordan’s priority – Judeh. (2015, January 25). Retrieved from http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/muath-not-rishawi-jordan%E2%80%99spriority-%E2%80%94-judeh.
O’Hare, K. (2011). Language, Discourse & Society. E-journal. Washington DC. College of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved from http://www.american.edu/cas/news/language-discourse-society-journal.cfm.
Sarfo, E. & Agyeiwaa Krampa E. (2013). Language at War: A critical Discourse Analysis of Speeches of Bush and Obama on Terrorism, International J. Soc. Sci & Education, 3(2). Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/2340/Language_at_War_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis_of_Speeches_of_Bush_and_Obama_on_Terrorism.
Solheim, S. (2006). A Discourse Analysis of President George W. Bush’s Declared War on Terrorism, Master Thesis, University of Tromso. Retrieved from http://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/412/thesis.pdf?sequence=1.
Soubrouillard, R. (2014, September 15). Fabius lance la guerre des mots. Retrieved from http://www.marianne.net/Fabius-lance-la-guerre-des-mots_a241436.html.
Statement by the President on ISIL. (2014, September 10). Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/10/statement-president-isil-1.
The Islamic State’s (ISIS, ISIL) Magazine. (2014, September 10). Retrieved from http://www.clarionproject.org/news/islamic-state-isis-isil-propaganda-magazine-dabiq.
Van Dijk, T.A. (1998). Ideology. A multidisciplinary study. London: Sage.
Van Dijk, T.A. (2006). Discourse and manipulation. Discourse & Society, 17(3), pp. 359–383.
Pobrania
Opublikowane
Jak cytować
Numer
Dział
Statystyki
Liczba wyświetleń i pobrań: 206
Liczba cytowań: 0