Przejdź do sekcji głównej Przejdź do głównego menu Przejdź do stopki
  • Zarejestruj
  • Zaloguj
  • Język
    • English
    • Język Polski
  • Menu
  • Strona domowa
  • Aktualny numer
  • Archiwum
  • Ogłoszenia
  • O czasopiśmie
    • O czasopiśmie
    • Przesyłanie tekstów
    • Zespół redakcyjny
    • Polityka prywatności
    • Kontakt
  • Zarejestruj
  • Zaloguj
  • Język:
  • English
  • Język Polski

The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies

An Historical Overview to the Kurdish Problem
  • Strona domowa
  • /
  • An Historical Overview to the Kurdish Problem
  1. Strona domowa /
  2. Archiwum /
  3. Nr 2 (5) (2013) /
  4. Articles

An Historical Overview to the Kurdish Problem

Autor

  • Michael Gunter Tennessee Technological University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/18257

Słowa kluczowe

Kurdistan, Kurdish diaspora, Middle East, Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), Kurdish Opening, Gulf War

Abstrakt

This article presents an overview of the history the largest nation in the world without its own independent state. Nationalist aspirations of an approximately 30 million Kurds living within the borders of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria remain a factor of instability in the geostrategically important Middle East, especially due to the fact that Kurds inhabit areas with strategically important resources. The desire of many Kurds for statehood, or at least cultural autonomy, has led to an almost continuous series of Kurdish revolts since the creation of the modern Middle East state system following World War I. The Kurdish problem refers to the fear of the states in which the Kurds live that Kurdish demands will threaten and even destroy their territorial integrity, even though, as the author points out, the Kurds themselves are notoriously divided geographically, politically, linguistically, and tribally. The article is divided into parts, which are devoted to the origin of the Kurdish nation, as well as the history and the current situation of Kurds in Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Syria, and Europe (the European diaspora).

Full text: http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/czasopismo/589/?idno=14760

Bibliografia

“Today’s Zaman”, August 12, 2009.

Anderson L., Stansfield G., Crisis in Kirkuk: The Ethnopolitics of Conflict and Compromise, Philadelphia 2009.

Celep O., Turkey’s Radical Right and the Kurdish Issue: The MHP’s Reaction to the Democratic Opening, “Insight Turkey” 2010, No. 12.

Cinar M., The Militarization of Secular Opposition in Turkey, “Insight Turkey” 2010, No. 12.

Donmez A., Albayrak A., Government to Put Together a New Roadmap on Kurdish Issue, “Zaman”, October 22, 2012, http://www.mesop.ed/2012/10/22/government-to-puttogether…[Access date: 23.10.2012].

Eagleton W., The Kurdish Republic of 1946, London 1963.

Eccarius-Kelly V., The Militant Kurds: A Dual Strategy for Freedom, Westport 2011.

Exorbitant Human Rights Violations in Iran, “Voice of America”, June 8, 2012, http://www.mesop.de/2012/06/08/exorbitant… [Access date: 8.06.2012].

Ghareeb E., The Kurdish Question in Iraq, Syracuse 1981.

Gul: Kurdish Problem is the Most Important Problem of Turkey, “Today’s Zaman”, May 11, 2009.

Gunter M.M., The Kurds Ascending: The Evolving Solution to the Kurdish Problem in Iraq and Turkey, New York 2011.

Hartling P., Arab Rebel-Kurd Tensions, Agence France Presse (AFP), October 31, 2012, http://www.mesop.de/2012/10/31/arab-rebel-kurd-tensions… [Access date: 31.10.2012].

Hassino O., Tanir I., The Decisive Minority: The Role of Syria’s Kurds in the Anti-Assad Revolution, A Henry Jackson Society Report, March 2012, http://www.scpss.org/libs/spaw… [Access date: 6.06.2012].

http://www.mesop.de.

Human Rights Watch, Turkey Arrests Expose Flawed Justice System, November 1, 2011, http://www.hrw.org/news/2011/11/01/turkey-arrests-expose… [Access date: 13.11.2011].

Human Rights Watch/Middle East, Iraq’s Crime of Genocide: The Anfal Campaign against the Kurds, New Haven–London 1995 and J.R. Hiltermann, A Poisonous Affair: America, Iraq, and the Gassing of Halabja, Cambridge 2007.

International Crisis Group, Iraq and the Kurds: Confronting Withdrawal Fears, Middle East Report No. 103, March 28, 2011.

International Crisis Group, Turkey: The PKK and a Kurdish Settlement, Europe Report No. 219, September 11, 2012.

Interview with Salih Muhammad, President of PYD, “Firat News”, February 2012, http://en.firatnews.eu/index.php?… [Access date: 28.02.2012].

Iraq: Is It Really Coming Right?, “The Economist”, November 27, 2008.

Jwaideh W., The Kurdish National Movement: Its Origins and Development, Syracuse 2006.

Klein J., The Margins of Empire: Kurdish Militias in the Ottoman Tribal Zone, Stanford 2011.

Koohi-Kamali F., The Political Development of the Kurds in Iran: Pastoral Nationalism, New York 2003.

Kurdistan Regional Government, President Barzani: Iraq Will Fall Apart If Constitution Violated, KRG Press Release, August 7, 2008, http://www.krg.org/articles/detail.aspsmap=02010100&Ingnr=12&anr=25113&rnr=223 [Access date: 7.03.2010].

Londono E., Kurds in Northern Iraq Receive Arms from Bulgaria, “The Washington Post”, November 23, 2008.

Marcus A., Blood and Belief: The PKK and the Kurdish Fight for Independence, New York–London 2007.

McDowall D., A Modern History of the Kurds, London–New York 2004.

Olson R., The Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion 1880–1925, Austin 1989.

Ozcan A.K., Turkey’s Kurds: A Theoretical Analysis of the PKK and Abdullah Ocalan, London–New York 2006.

Prunhuber C., The Passion and Death of Rahman the Kurd: Dreaming Kurdistan, New York 2009.

Randal J.C., After Such Knowledge, What Forgiveness? My Encounters with Kurdistan, New York 1997.

Secular and Islamic Politics in Turkey: The Making of the Justice and Development Party, U. Cizre (ed.), London 2007.

Stansfield G., Anderson L., Kurds in Iraq: The Struggle between Baghdad and Erbil, “Middle East Policy” 2009, No. 16.

The Future of Kurdistan in Iraq, B. O’Leary, J. McGarry, K. Salih (eds.), Philadelphia 2005.

Turkey Puts More Pressure on Europe to Curb PKK Activities, “Today’s Zaman”, October 30, 2011, http://www.today’szaman.com/news-261436-turkey-putsmore-pressure… [Access date: 2.11.2011].

Unal M.C., Counterterrorism in Turkey: Policy Choices and Policy Effects toward the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), London–New York 2012 and Nationalisms and Politics in Turkey: Political Islam, Kemalism and the Kurdish Issue, M. Casier, J. Jongerden (eds.), London–New York 2011.

van Bruinessen M., Agha, Shaikh and State: The Social and Political Structure of Kurdistan, London 1992..

Watts N.F., Activists in Office: Kurdish Politics and Protest in Turkey, Seattle–London 2010.

Yavuz M.H., Secularism and Muslim Democracy in Turkey, New York 2009.

The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies

Opublikowane

20.10.2018

Jak cytować

1.
GUNTER, Michael. An Historical Overview to the Kurdish Problem. The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies [online]. 20 październik 2018, nr 2 (5). [udostępniono 1.4.2023]. DOI 10.12775/18257.
  • PN-ISO 690 (Polski)
  • ACM
  • ACS
  • APA
  • ABNT
  • Chicago
  • Harvard
  • IEEE
  • MLA
  • Turabian
  • Vancouver
Pobierz cytowania
  • Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
  • BibTeX

Numer

Nr 2 (5) (2013)

Dział

Articles

Statystyki

Liczba wyświetleń i pobrań: 0
Liczba cytowań: 0

Wyszukiwanie

Wyszukiwanie

Przeglądaj

  • Indeks autorów
  • Lista archiwalnych numerów

Użytkownik

Użytkownik

Newsletter

Zapisz się Wypisz się

Język / Language

  • English
  • Język Polski

Tagi

Szukaj przy pomocy tagu:

Kurdistan, Kurdish diaspora, Middle East, Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), Kurdish Opening, Gulf War
W górę

Akademicka Platforma Czasopism

Najlepsze czasopisma naukowe i akademickie w jednym miejscu

apcz.umk.pl

Partnerzy platformy czasopism

  • Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
  • Akademickie Towarzystwo Andragogiczne
  • Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
  • Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla Polskiej Akademii Nauk
  • Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
  • Karmelitański Instytut Duchowości w Krakowie
  • Państwowa Akademia Nauk Stosowanych w Krośnie
  • Państwowa Akademia Nauk Stosowanych we Włocławku
  • Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa im. Stanisława Pigonia w Krośnie
  • Polskie Towarzystwo Ekonomiczne
  • Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze
  • Towarzystwo Miłośników Torunia
  • Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
  • Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
  • Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika
  • Uniwersytet w Białymstoku
  • Uniwersytet Warszawski
  • Wojewódzka Biblioteka Publiczna - Książnica Kopernikańska
  • Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Pelplinie / Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne „Bernardinum" w Pelplinie

© 2021- Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Deklaracja dostępności Sklep wydawnictwa