Plausible reasoning for the problems of cognitive sociology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/LLP.2011.006Keywords
plausible reasoning, induction, analogy, abduction, knowledge discovery, reasoning about causalityAbstract
The plausible reasoning class (called the JSM-reasoning in honour of John Stuart Mill) is described. It implements interaction of three forms of non-deductive procedures induction, analogy and abduction. Empirical induction in the JSM-reasoning is the basis for generation of hypotheses on causal relations (determinants of social behaviour). Inference by analogy means that predictions about previously unknown properties of objects (individual’s behaviour) are inferred from causal relations. Abductive inference is performed to check on the explanatory adequacy of generated hypotheses. To recognize rationality of respondents’ opinion deductive inference is used. Plausible reasoning, semantics of argumentation logic and deductive recognition of opinion rationality represent logical tool for cognitive sociology problems.References
Anshakov, O.M., Finn, V.K., Skvortsov, D.P., “On axiomatization of many-valued logics associated with formalization of plausible reasoning”, Studia Logica XLVIII, 4 (1989): 423–448.
Anshakov, O.M., Finn, V.K., Skvortsov, D.P., “Plausible reasoning and its logics”, pages 87–91 in: International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Semiotics: A Learning Perspective, Gaithersburg, MD, 1997.
Anshakov, O.M., Gergely, T., Cognitive Reasoning, Springer, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, London – New York 2010.
Barwise, J. (ed.): Handbook of Mathematical Logic, Pt. 1, Theory of Models. North-Holland, Amsterdam – New – York – Oxford (1977)
Blinova, V.G., et al., “Toxicology analysis by means of JSM method”, Bioinformatics 19, 10 (2003): 1201–1207.
Bolc, L., Borowik, P., Many-Valued Logics, vol. 1, “Theoretical Foundations”, pp. 123–142, Springer-Verlag, 1992.
Burch, R.W., ‘Semeiotic data fusion”, pages 67–73 in: 3rdInternational Conference on Information Fusion, Paris, 2000.
Finn, V.K., “A form of argumentation logic”, Automatic Documentation and Mathematical Linguistic 30, 3 (1996): 3–27.
Finn, V.K., “The synthesis of cognitive procedures and the problem of induction”, Automatic Documentation and Mathematical Linguistic 43, 3 (2009): 149–195.
Finn, V.K.: “Toward structural cognitology: Phenomenology of consciousness form the point of view of artificial intelligence”, Russian Journal of Communication II, 1/2 (2009): 81–104.
Finn, V.K., Mikheyenkova, M.A., “Quantofrenia by P. Sorokin and formalized qualitative analysis”, pages 189–192 in: V.A. Mansurov (ed.), European Society or European Societies: a View from Russia, Moscow – Lisbon, 2009.
Finn, V.K., Mikheyenkova, M.A., Introduction to Logic and Intelligent Data Analysis for Sociologists (in Russian), preprint, 2010.
Josephson, J.R., Josephson, S.G. (eds.), Abductive Inference: Computation, Philosophy, Technology. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1994.
Kelle, U. (ed.), Computer-aided Qualitative Data Analysis: Theory, Methods and Practice. London. Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: SAGE Publication, 1998.
Mikheyenkova, M.A., et al., “Application of JSM method of automatic hypotheses generation to some problems of sociology”, pages 22–25 in: Workshop of Applied Semiotics, ECAI-96, Budapest, August 12–16, 1996.
Mikheyenkova, M.A., “On the logical tools of intelligent sociological data analysis” (in Russian), Artificial Intelligence and Decision Making 1 (2010): 20–32.
Mill, J.S., A System of Logic Ratiocinative and Inductive, Being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence and the Methods of Scientific Investigation, London, Parker, Son and Bowin, 1843 (1st edition).
Peirce, C.S., “Abduction and induction”, pages 150–156 in: L. Buchler (ed.) Philosophical Writings of Peirce, Dover Publications, no 4, 1995.
Ragin, C.C., The Comparative Method: Moving beyond Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies, University of California Press, Berkley, Los Angeles and London, 1987.
Ragin, C.C., Fuzzy-Set Social Science, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2000.
Rihoux, B., “Qualitative comparative analysis and related systematic comparative methods”, International Sociology 21, 5 (2006).
Rosser, J.B., Turquette, A.R., Many-Valued Logics, Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing Company, 1958.
Fayyad, U.M., Piatetsky-Shapiro, G., Smyth, P., Uthurusamy, R. (eds.), Advanced in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, Menlo Park, California, 1996.
Skvortsov, D.P., “On some methods of constructing the languages with quantifiers over tuples” (in Russian), Semiotics and Informatics 20 (1983): 102–126.
Smullyan, R.M., First Order Logic, N.Y., Springer-Verlag, 1968.
Strauss, A., Corbin, J., Basics of Qualitative Research, Thousand Oaks, London, New Dehli, SAGE Publications, 1998.
Sudman S., Bradburn N., Schwartz N., Thinking about Answers: The Application of Cognitive Processes to Survey Methodology, San Francisco, Jossey-Bass Inc. Publishers, 1996.
Vinogradov, D.W., “Formalizing plausible arguments in predicate logic”, Automatic Documentation and Mathematical Linguistic 34, 6 (2000): 6–10.
Zerubavel, E., Social Mindscape. An Invitation to Cognitive Sociology, Harvard Univ. Press, 1997.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 791
Number of citations: 5
