Multiple cylindrically symmetric solutions of nonlinear Maxwell equations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/TMNA.2022.062Keywords
Maxwell equations, variational method, dual fountain theorem, cylindrically symmetric solutionAbstract
In this paper, we study the following nonlinear time-harmonic Maxwell equations \begin{equation}\label{equation 0.1} \nabla\times(\nabla \times E)-\omega^2\varepsilon(x)E =P(x)|E|^{p-2}E+Q(x)|E|^{q-2}E, \end{equation} where $\varepsilon(x)$ is the permittivity of the material, $x\in\mathbb{R}^{3}$, $1< q< {p}/({p-1})< 2< p< 6$, $P(x),Q(x)\in C\left(\mathbb{R}^{3},\mathbb{R}\right)$. Under some special cylindrical symmetric conditions for $\varepsilon(x)$, $P(x)$ and $Q(x)$, we obtain infinite many cylindrically symmetric solutions of \eqref{equation 0.1} by using variational method and fountain theorems without $\tau$-upper semi-continuity.References
C. Amrouche, C. Bernardi, M. Dauge and V. Girault, Vector potentials in threedimensional non smooth domains, Math. Methods. Appl. Sci. 21 (1998), 823–864.
T.D. Aprile and G. Sicliano, Magnetostatic solutions for a semilinear perturbation of the Maxwell equations, Adv. Differential Equations. 16 (2011), 435–466.
A. Azzollini, V. Benci, T.D. Aprile and D. Fortunato, Existence of static solutions of the semilinear Maxwell equations, Ric. Mat. 55 (2006), 283–297.
T. Bartsch, T. Dohnal, M. Plum and W. Reichel, Ground states of a nonlinear curl–curl problem in cylindrically symmetric media, NoDEA Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl. 23 (2016).
V. Benci and D. Fortunato, Towards a unifield theory for classical electrodynamics, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 173 (2004), 379–414.
T. Bartsch and J. Mederski, Nonlinear time-harmonic Maxwell equations in an anisotropic bounded medium, J. Funct. Anal. 272 (2017), 4304–4333.
F. Bernini and B. Bieganowski, Generalized linking-type theorem with applications to strongly indefinite problems with sign-changing nonlinearities, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 61 (2022), Art. 182.
B. Bieganowski, Solutions to a nonlinear Maxwell equation with two competing nonlinearities in R3 , Bulletin Polish Acad. Sci. Math. 69 (2021), 37–60.
Y.H. Ding and X.J. Dong, Infinitely many solutions of Dirac equations with concave and convex nonlinearities, Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 72 (2021), no. 1, 17 pp.
D.G. de Figueiredo, J.P. Gross and P. Ubilla, Local superlinearity and sublinearity for indefinite semilinear elliptic problems, J. Funct. Anal. 199 (2003), 452–467.
M. Gaczkowski, J. Mederski and J. Schino, Multiple solutions to cylindrically symmetric curl-curl problems and related Schrödinger equations with singular potentials, preprint, arXiv: 2006.03565.
L.J. Gu and H.S. Zhou, An improved fountain theorem and its application, Adv. Nonlin. Stud. 17 (2017), 727–738.
J. Mederski, Ground states of time-harmonic semilinear Maxwell equations in R3 with vanishning permittivity, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 218 (2015), 825–861.
J. Mederski, The Brezis–Nirenberg problem for the curl-curl operator, J. Funct. Anal. 274 (2018), 1345–1380.
J. Mederski, J. Schino and A. Szulkin, Multiple solutions to a nonlinear curl-curl problem in R3 , Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 236 (2020), 253–288.
J. Mederski and A. Szulkin, A Sobolev-type inequality for the curl operator and ground states for the curl-curl equation with critical Sobolev exponent, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 241 (2021), 1815–1842.
P. Monk, Finite Element Methods for Maxwell Equation, Oxford University Press, 2003.
R. Picard, N. Weck and A. Kitsch, Time-harmonic Maxwell equation in the exterior of perfectly conducting, irregular obstacles, Analysis (Munich) 21 (2001), 231–263.
D.D. Qin and X.H. Tang, Time-harmonic Maxwell equations with asymptotically linear polarization, Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 67 (2016), 1–22.
H.J. Ruppen, A generalized min-max theorem for functionals of strongly indefinite sign, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 50 (2014), 231–255.
B.E.A. Saleh and M.C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics, 2nd edition, Wiley, New York 2007.
C.A. Stuart and H.S. Zhou, Axisymmetric TE-modes in a self-focusing dielectric, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 37 (2005), 218–237.
C.A. Stuart and H.S. Zhou, Existence of guided cylindrical TM-modes in an inhomogeneous self-focusing dielectric, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. 20 (2010), 1681–1719.
A. Szulkin and T. Weth, Ground state solutions for some indefinite variational problems, J. Funct. Anal. 257 (2009), 3802–3822.
E. Tonkes, A semilinear elliptic equation with convex and concave nonlinearities, Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal. 13 (1999), 251–271.
C. Troestler, Bifurcation into spectral gaps for a noncompact semilinear Schrödinger equation with non-convex potential, preprint, arXiv: 1207.1052.
Y.Y. Wen and P.H. Zhao, Infinitely many cylindrically solutions of nonlinear Maxwell equations with concave and convex nonlinearities, Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 73 (2022), Art. 225.
M. Willem, Minimax Theorems. Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications, Birkhäuser Boston Inc., Boston, MA, 1996.
X. Zeng, Cylindrically symmetric ground state solutions for curl-curl equations with critical exponent, Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 68 (2017), no. 6, Art. 135.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Yanyun Wen, Peihao Zhao
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 0
Number of citations: 0