From the Palace of Ryswick to the Sultan’s Seraglio: The Ottoman Translation and Interpretation of a Christian European Peace Treaty
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/LEGATIO.2022.04Schlagworte
Treaty of Ryswick, Silāḥdār Fındıklılı Meḥmed Aġa, supra-cultural translation, Alexandros MavrocordatosAbstract
The inclusion of peace treaty articles between Christian powers in an Ottoman historical work of the late seventeenth century is unquestionably distinctive. The article presents an Ottoman translation of the Treaty of Ryswick (1697) concluded between the French king and the German emperor. This translation is included by the late seventeenth – early eighteenth-century Ottoman historian and palace official Silāḥdār Fındıklılı Meḥmed Aġa in his historical work called ‘The Book of Victory’ (Nuṣretnāme). With this unique text as its basis, the article will first attempt to place the translation in its historical context and explain the possible reasons for its inclusion by Silahdar in his history. Secondly, to morphologically evaluate the text to bring to the fore the translation strategies adopted and to explore the reception and the degree of understanding by the Ottoman side of the basic terms and linguistic topoi of a Christian European peace treaty. And lastly, to analyse the specific interpretation ascribed to the Ryswick agreement by the Ottoman leadership.
Literaturhinweise
Archival Sources
Venice, Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana
It. VII 407(=7594)
Wien, Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv
Turcica 164/5
Turcica 170, Protocollum
Kew, Richmond, The National Archives
SP 97/20
İstanbul, Topkapı Sarayı Kütüphanesi
Revan, n. 1311
Printed Primary Sources
Cernovodeanu, Paul, ‘Le Journal des Travaux du Congrès de Karlowitz’, Revue des Études Sud-Est Européennes, 19, no. 2 (1981), 325–54
Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât: Tahlil ve Metin (1066–1116/1656– 1704), ed. by Abdülkadir Özcan (Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1995)
Diplomatarium veneto-levantinum: sive, Acta et diplomata res Venetas, Graecas atque Levantis illustrantia, ed. by Georg Martin Thomas and Riccardo Predelli, vols 1–2 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012)
Documente privitoare la istoria românilor, vol. 16, ed. by Eudoxiu de Hurmuzaki (Bucuresci: Academia Română, 1912)
Mesgnien Meniński, Franciszek, Thesaurus linguarum orientalium turcicae, arabicae, persicae (Vienna: [s.n.], 1680)
Peçevi, İbrahim, Tarīh-i Peçevi, vol. 1 (İstanbul, H. 1283/1866)
Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme: İnceleme-Metin (1106–1133/1695–1721), ed. by Mehmet Topal (Ankara: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi, 2018)
Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silāḥdār Taʾrīḫi, vols 1–2 (İstanbul: Orḫaniye Maṭbaʿası, 1928)
Traitè de paix entre L’Empereur, la France, et l’Empire Conclu à Ryswick en Holland le trentième Octobre 1697 (La Haye: Adrian Moetjens, 1697)
Üsküdarî Abdullah Efendi, Vâkıʿât-ı Rûz-merre, vols 1–4, ed. by Erhan Afyoncu (Ankara: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi, 2017)
Zülfikâr Paşa’nın Viyana Sefâreti ve Esâreti (1099–1103/1688–1692), ed. by Mustafa Güler (Istanbul: Çamlıca, 2008)
Secondary Works
Bély, Lucien, Les relations internationales en Europe, XVIIe–XVIIIe siècle, 4th edn (Paris: Presses Universitaire de France, 2007)
Bérenger, Jean, ‘La politique de l’Empereur Léopold 1er face à l’Empire ottoman (1689–1699)’, in La Paix de Karlowitz, 26 Janvier 1699: les relations entre l’Europe centrale et l’Empire ottoman, ed. by Jean Bérenger (Paris: Honoré Champion, 2010), pp. 9–24
Bérenger, Jean, ‘La politique ottomane de la France de Vienne à Carlowitz (1683–1699)’, in Traktaty karłowickie z 1699 roku i ich następstwa, ed. by Ilona Czamańska and Witold Szulc, Series: Balcanica Posnaniensia. Acta et Studia, 13 (Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza, 2003), pp. 35–53
Boltanski, Luc, and Laurent Thévenot, De la Justification. Les économies de la grandeur (Paris; Gallimard, 1991)
Buchholz, Werner, ‘Zwischen Glanz und Ohnmacht. Schweden als Vermittler des Friedens von Rijwick’, in Der Friede von Rijwick 1697, ed. by Heinz Duchhardt et al. (Mainz: Philipp von Zabern, 1998), pp. 219–56
Burke, Peter, ‘Cultures of translation in early modern Europe’, in Cultural Translation in Early Modern Europe, ed. by id. and R. Po-chia Hsia (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007), pp. 7–38
Camariano, Nestor, Alexandre Mavrocordato, le Grand Drogman. Son activité diplomatique 1673–1709 (Thessaloniki: Institute of Balkan Studies, 1970)
Clark, George, ‘The Nine Years’ War, 1688–1697’, in The New Cambridge Modern History, ed. by John Selwyn Bromley (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971), 6, pp. 223–53
Duchhardt, Heinz, ‘Peace treaties from Westphalia to the Revolutionary Era’, in Peace Treaties and International Law in European History. From the Late Middle Ages to World War One, ed. by Randall Lesaffer (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), pp. 45–58
Espenhorst, Martin, ‘Einführung: Frieden übersetzen in der Vormoderne. Translationsleistungen und -defizite im vormodernen Friedensprozess’, in Frieden übersetzen in der Vormoderne. Translationsleistungen in Diplomatie, Medien und Wissenschaft, ed. by Heinz Duchhardt and Martin Espenhorst (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2012), pp. 9–15
Bosbach, Franz, ‘Verfahrensordnungen und Verhandlungs-Abläufe auf den Friedenskongressen des 17. Jahrhunderts. Überlegungen zu einer Vergleichenden Untersuchung der Äusseren Formen frühneuzeitlicher Friedensverhandlungen’, in Lʼart de la paix. Kongresswesen und Fridensstiftung im Zeitalter des Westfälischen Friedens, ed. by Christoph Kampmann et al. (Münster: Aschendorff, 2011), pp. 92–118
Frieden durch Sprache? Studien zum kommunikativen Umgang mit Konflikten und Konflictlösungen, ed. by Martin Espenhorst (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2012)
Ghobrial, John-Paul, The Whispers of Cities. Information Flows in Istanbul, London, & Paris in the Age of William Trumbull (Oxford–New York: Oxford University Press, 2013)
Heywood, Colin, and Ivan Parvev, ‘Introduction’, in The Treaties of Carlowitz (1699). Antecedents, Course and Consequences, ed. by eidem. (Leiden–Boston: Brill, 2020), pp. 1–16
Infelise, Mario, Prima dei Giornali: Alle origini della pubblica informazione (secoli XVI e XVII) (Roma: Editori Laterza, 2002)
Işıksel, Güneş, ‘II. Selim’den III. Selim’e Osmanlı Diplomasisi: Birkaç Saptama’, in Nizâm-ı Kādîm’den Nizâm-ı Cedîd’e III. Selim ve Dönemi/ Selim III and His Era from Ancien Régime to New Order, ed. by Seyfi Kenan (İstanbul: İSAM, 2010), pp. 315–38
Işıksel, Güneş, La diplomatie ottomane sous le règne de Selîm II; paramètres et périmètres de l’Empire ottoman dans le troisième quart du XVIe siècle (Paris–Louvain–Bristol: Peeters, 2016)
Kampmann, Christoph, ‘Der ehrenvolle Friede als Friedenshidernis: Alte Fragen und neue Ergebnisse zur Mächtepolitik im Dreißigjährigen Krieg’, in Pax perpetua. Neuere Forschungen zum Frieden in der Frühen Neuzeit, ed. by Inken Schmidt-Voges et al. (Munich: Bibliothek Altes Reich, 2010), pp. 141–56
Lombard, Jean, ‘Mercure Historique et Politique (1686–1782)’, in Dictionnaire des journaux, 1600–1789, ed. by Jean Sgard, vols 1–2 (Paris: Universitas, 1991), 2, pp. 871–78
News Networks in Early Modern Europe, ed. by Joad Raymond and Noah Moxham (Leiden–Boston: Brill, 2016)
Othman, Aida, ‘And Ṣulḥ is best: Amicable Settlement and Dispute Resolution in Islamic Law’ (unpublished PhD thesis, Harvard University, 2009)
Panaite, Viorel, Ottoman Law of War and Peace. The Ottoman Empire and Its Tribute-Payers from the North of the Danube, 2nd revised edn (Leiden–Boston: Brill, 2019)
Petitjean, Johann, L’intelligence de choses. Une histoire de l’information entre Italie et Méditerranée (XVIe–XVIIe siècles) (Rome: École française de Rome, 2013)
Poulios, Konstantinos, ‘Searching for Peace Amidst War: The Ottoman Diplomatic Efforts in the Year 1685 and the Role of Alexandros Mavrocordatos’ (in Greek), Mnemon, 38 (2021), 11–32.
Rohrschneider, Michael, ‘Friedensvermittlung und Kongresswesen: Strukturen – Träger – Rezeption (1643–1697) ’, in Lʼart de la paix. Kongresswesen und Fridensstiftung im Zeitalter des Westfälischen Friedens, ed. by Christoph Kampmann et al. (Münster: Aschendorff, 2011), pp. 139–65
Rohrschneider, Michael, ‘Reputation als Leitfaktor in den internationalen Beziehungen der Früher Neuzeit’, Historische Zeitschrift, 291, no. 2 (2010), 331–52
Sariyannis, Marinos, A History of Ottoman Political Thought up to the Early Nineteenth Century (Leiden–Boston: Brill, 2019)
Tappe, Eric Ditmar, ‘Documents concerning Rumania in the Paget Papers’, Slavonic and East European Review, 33, no. 80 (1954), 201–11
Travelling Chronicles: News and Newspapers from the Early Modern Period to the Eighteenth Century, ed. by Siv Gøril Brandtzæg, Paul Goring, and Christine Watson (Leiden–Boston: Brill, 2018)
Übersetzen in der Frühen Neuzeit – Konzepte und Methoden, ed. by Regina Toepfer, Peter Burschel, and Jörg Wesche (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2021)
Van der Cruysse, Dirk, Madame Palatine (Paris: Fayard, 1988)
Verständigung und Diplomatie auf dem Westfälischen Friedenskongress. Historische und Sprachwissenschaftiliche Zugänge, ed. by Annette Gerstenberg (Köhl–Weimar–Wien: Böhlau, 2014)
Yılmaz, Yasir, ‘An Ottoman Peace Attempt at the Habsburg Court during the Ottoman-Holy League War: Zülfikâr Efendi in Vienna, 1688–1693’ (unpublished MA thesis, Bilkent University, 2008)
Downloads
Veröffentlicht
Zitationsvorschlag
Ausgabe
Rubrik
Lizenz
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 607
Number of citations: 0
