Swap Kripke Models for Deontic LFIs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/LLP.2026.001Keywords
deontic logic, paraconsistent logic, da Costa logics, nondeterministic semantics, Nmatrices, swap structures, moral dilemmasAbstract
We present a construction of nondeterministic semantics for some deontic logics based on the class of paraconsistent logics known as Logics of Formal Inconsistency (LFIs), for the first time combining swap structures and Kripke models through the novel notion of swap Kripke models. We start by making use of Nmatrices to characterize systems based on LFIs that do not satisfy axiom (cl), while turning to RNmatrices when the latter is considered in the underlying LFIs. This paper also presents, for the first time, a full axiomatization and a semantics for the CDn hierarchy, utilizing the aforementioned mixed semantics with RN matrices. It includes the historical system CD1 of da Costa and Carnielli (1986), the first deontic paraconsistent system proposed in the literature.
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