Cultivating Digital Literacy: Mentorship Models for Farmers Engaging in Live Streaming and E-Commerce – Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Rural farmers are shift ing to live streaming and e-commerce to serve more markets, but most have a digital literacy gap, making it diffi cult for them to succeed. The development of digital competencies has been observed to enhance entrepreneurial activities, market participation, and belief in the adoption of new technologies. This literature review identifi es four types of mentorship models, including the peerto- peer model, the institution-based model, the platform-based model, and the hybrid
model, that can be used to equip farmers with the necessary skills on live streaming production, audience engagement, e-commerce activities, and information assessment. These results indicate that mentorship not only enables digital literacy but also enhances adoption, engagement, resilience and income. All in all, mentorship can be seen as a viable way to revitalize rural settings, as signifi cant consequences require investment in infrastructure, partnerships with platforms, and the establishment of community-based training hubs.