Professional Competences in the Labour Market: Selected Development Perspectives

Abstract

The aim of this article is to present selected perspectives on professional competences and expectations towards employees in the context of dynamic transformations taking place in the contemporary labour market. Th e research
problem focuses on identifying which competences will be of key importance in the context of social, technological, and organisational changes shaping the labour market in the coming years. The article has a review character and is based on the desk research method. The analysis included selected scientific studies, research reports, and electronic sources concerning professional competences and labour market trends, published mainly between 2018 and 2025. The article presents selected trends occurring in the labour market as well as development directions within the business sector, referring, among others, to the report Future. Labour Market and Professions of the Future 2025. Th e paper also discusses the concept of professional competences, their typology, characteristics, and signifi cance in human resource management processes. Particular attention is devoted to future competences, indicating the growing importance of cognitive, technical, social, and digital competences in the conditions of
ongoing technological transformation. Furthermore, forecasts concerning the demand for specific competences in the perspective of the years 2030–2035 are presented. The conducted analysis demonstrates that the contemporary labour market is increasingly oriented towards adaptive, digital, and social competences, which is associated with the necessity for lifelong learning and continuous adjustment to changing employment
conditions.