Transformational processes in post-technogenic ecosystems of Kolomyia lignite and Yaziv sulfur deposits in Western Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/EQ.2023.040Keywords
ecosystem restoration, mine dumps, sulfur quarry and dump, technogenic soils, phytomelioration, dendroflora, vegetation, species diversity, successionAbstract
Restoration of post-tech ecosystems of the Western region of Ukraine takes place both through natural self-overgrowth with vegetation and through the implementation of phytomeliorative measures - artificial afforestation of disturbed areas. These processes have been studied on post-technogenic territories of Kolomyia lignite and Yaziv sulfur deposits. Transformational processes in the study area are caused mainly by three factors: natural succession of vegetation (from the emergence of mosses and pioneering species of grasses and trees to the formation of stable plant communities); human economic activity (phytomeliorative measures for sowing grasses and creating forest crops) and cattle grazing (appearance of fruit tree species in phytocenoses). Transformational processes in edaphotopes are primarily determined by two factors - the natural succession of vegetation and erosion processes. Due to the long process of restoration of disturbed ecosystems in post-man-made areas, relatively complex and rich in species composition stable plant communities are gradually formed, which contribute to the formation of embriozems, identification of soil genetic horizons, increasing the thickness of the soil profile and approximating the physical and mechanical properties of the upper layers of the soil to the properties of natural zonal soils. The species composition and structure of vegetation in the post-technogenic territories of Kolomyia lignite and Yaziv sulfur deposits of the Western region of Ukraine have been determined. The study showed that the dendroflora of post-technological areas is represented by 59 species of tree plants.Changes in the components of phytocenoses and edaphotopes are presented and the factors of transformation processes in disturbed ecosystems are analyzed. Stages of natural succession of vegetation in post-technogenic territories of lignite and sulfur deposits have been established. Physico-chemical properties of the formed embriozems were analyzed and their comparative analysis with zonal soils was carried out. It is established that the processes of vegetation restoration and soil formation in post-technogenic territories cause the gradual formation of complex plant groups and relatively stable and stable natural ecosystems.
References
Abramowicz A. & Chybiorz R., 2020, Identification of fire changes using thermal IR images: the case of coal-waste dumps. Proceedings of the 15th Quantitative InfraRed Thermography Conference. 114. https://doi.org/10.21611/qirt.2020.114
Abramowicz A., Rahmonov O. & Chybiorz R., 2021, Environmental Management and Landscape Transformation on Self-Heating Coal-Waste Dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Land. 10: 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10010023
Anfal A., 2017, Reclamation of coalmine overburden dump through environmental friendly method. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 24: 371–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.09.009
Bashutska U.B., 2006, Successions of vegetation of rock dumps of mines of the Chervonohrad mining area: monograph. RVV NFU of Ukraine, Lviv, 180 pp.
Bilonoha V. & Malinovskyi A., 2001, Primary successions of technogenic landscapes of sulfur deposits. Coll. Science. works of NTSh: Ecological problems of nature management and biodiversity of Lviv region, VII: 75–82.
Bilonoha V.M., 1989, Vegetation of sulfur deposits in the Lviv region. Ukr. Botan. Journal. 46 (1): 26–29.
Bosak P. & Popovych V., 2019, Radiation-ecological monitoring of coal mines of Novovolinsk mining area. News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Science 5(437): 132–137. https://doi.org/10.32014/2019.2518-170X.134
Chelovechkova A., Komissarova I. & Eremin D., 2018, Using basic hydrophysical characteristics of soils in calculating capacity of water-retaining fertile layer in recultivation of dumps of mining and oil industry. IPDME 2018. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental
Science 194(2018): 092004. https://doi:10.1088/1755-1315/194/9/092004
Chetveryk M., Bubnova O., Babii K., Shevchenko O. & Moldabaev S., 2018, Review of geomechanical problems of accumulation and reduction of mining industry wastes, and ways of their solution. Mining of Mineral Deposits 12(4): 63–72. https://doi.org/10.15407/mining12.04.063
Cronquist A., 1988, The evolution and classification of flowering plants (2nd ed.). Bronx, N.Y., USA: New York Botanical Garden, 555 pp.
Filonenko O., 2018, Sustainable development of Ukrainian iron and steel industry enterprises in regards to the bulk manufacturing waste recycling efficiency improvement. Mining of Mineral Deposits 12(1): 115–122. https://doi.org/10.15407/mining12.01.115
Henyk Ya. V. & Stasiuk O. Yu., 2011, Composition and structure of flora of waste heaps of mines of Chervonohrad mining area. Scientific Bulletin of NFU of Ukraine 21.17: 34–38.
Henyk Ya. V. & Zayachuk V. Ya., 2013, Successions of vegetation in the post-technogenic territories of the impact zone of Yavoriv SMCE "Sirka". Scientific Bulletin of NFU of Ukraine. 23.16: 93–99.
Henyk Ya. V., 2016, Revitalization of anthropogenically disturbed ecosystems: methodological and technological aspects. Scientific Bulletin of NFU of Ukraine 26.8: 180–185.
Koščova M., Hellmer M., Anyona S. & Gvozdkova T., 2018, Geo-Environmental Problems of Open Pit Mining: Classification and Solutions. E3S Web of Conferences. 41: 01034. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184101034
Kucheryavyi V. P. & Manuilova H. M., 2000, Devastated landscapes of Yavoriv region and ways of their phytomelioration. Scientific Bulletin of UkrSFTU. 10.1: 119–122.
Kucheryavyi V. P. & Kucheryavyi V. S., 2019, Landscaping of populated areas. Novyi Svit -2000, Lviv, 666 pp.
Ling Zhang, JinmanWang, Zhongke Bai & Chunjuan Lv., 2015, Effects of vegetation on runoff and soil erosion on reclaimed land in an opencast coal-mine dump in a loess area. CATENA. 128: 44–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2015.01.016
Malanchuk Z., Korniienko V., Malanchuk Ye., Soroka V. & Vasylchuk O., 2018, Modeling the formation of high metal concentration zones in man-made deposits. Mining of Mineral Deposits. 12(2): 76–84. https://doi.org/10.15407/mining12.02.0763
Manuilova H.M., 2004, Development of vegetation on devastated lands of mining enterprises. Scientific Bulletin of UkrSFTU. 14.4: 34–37.
Maryskevych O.G. & Shpakivska I.M., 2012, Program of scientific monitoring of post-technogenic territories of former sulfur production. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk State Agrarian University 1: 135–138.
Maryskevych O., Levyk V., Shpakivska I. & Brzhezhinska M., 2008, Oxidoreductase activity of soils of technogenic landscapes of sulfur deposits of Precarpathia. Scientific Bulletin of Uzhgorod University, Biology 24: 78–82.
Meshcheryakov L.I. & Shirin A.L., 2011, Reclamation Technology of Land Destroyed by Mining and Logistics Monitoring Criteria. Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 3: 62–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2015.08.077
Nadudvari A., Abramowicz A., Ciesielczuk J., Cabala J., Misz-Kennan M. & Fabianska M., 2021, Self-heating coal waste fire monitoring and related environmental problems: case studies from Poland and Ukraine. Journal of Environmental Geography 14(3–4): 26–38. https://doi.org/10.2478/jengeo-2021-0009
Panas R. M., 2005, Land reclamation. Novyi Svit – 2000, Lviv, 224 pp.
Panas R. N., 1989, Agroecological foundations of land reclamation: a monograph. Lviv: Lviv University Press. 160 pp.
Petlovanyi M.V. & Medianyk V.Y., 2018, Assessment of coal mine waste dumps development priority. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu 4: 28–35. https://doi.org/10.29202/nvngu/2018-4/3
Petlovanyi M., Lozynskyi V., Zubko S., Saik P. & Sai K., 2019, The influence of geology and ore deposit occurrence conditions on dilution indicators of extracted reserves. Rudarsko Geolosko Naftni Zbornik. 34(1): 83–91. https://doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2019.1.8
Popovych V. & Voloshchyshyn A., 2019, Features of temperature and humidity conditions of extinguishing waste heaps of coal mines in spring. News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 4(436): 230–237. https://doi.org/10.32014/2019.2518-170X.118
Popovych V.V., Henyk Ya.V., Voloshchyshyn A.I. & Sysa L.V., 2019a, Study of physical and chemical properties of edaphotopes of the waste dumps at coal mines in the Novovolynsk mining area. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu: peer-reviewed journal 5(173): 122–129. https://doi.org/10.29202/nvngu/2019-5/19
Popovych V., Stepova K., Voloshchyshyn A. & Bosak P., 2019b, Physico-chemical properties of soils in Lviv Volyn coal basin area. E3S Web of Conferences. IV International Innovative Mining Symposium 5: 02002. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910502002
Šebelíková L., Csicsek G., Kirmer A., Vítovcová K., Ortmann-Ajkai A., Prach K. & Řehounková K., 2018, Spontaneous revegetation versus forestry reclamation – vegetation development in coal mining spoil heaps across Central Europe. Land degradation and development 30(3): 348–356. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3233
Snitinskyi V.V. & Yakobenchuk V.F., 2006, Soil science with the foundamentals of agrochemistry and geobotany. Avers, Lviv, 312 pp.
Soroka M., 2008., Vegetation of the Ukrainian Roztochya. Svit, Lviv, 434 pp.
Sýkorová I., Kříbek B., Martina Havelcová M., Machovič V., Laufek F., Veselovský F., Špaldoňová A., Lapčák L., Knésl I., Matysová P. & Majer V., 2018., Hydrocarbon condensates and argillites in the Eliška Mine burnt coal waste heap of the Žacléř coal district (Czech Republic): products of high-and low-temperature stages of self-ignition 190: 146–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2017.11.003
Zayachuk V.Ya., 2014, Dendrology. SPOLOM, Lviv, 676 pp.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Yaroslav Henyk, Vasyl Popovych, Vasyl Zayachuk, Oleksandra Dyda, Nataliya Gociy, Pavlo Bosak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 549
Number of citations: 0
