Population change in the regional centres and internal periphery of the regions in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus over the period of 1990-2000s
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1515/bog-2015-0018Abstract
The paper looks into the dynamics of the population size of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus after the census of 1989. Regions and cities of these countries were the focus of the research (territorial units level NUTS-3). The analysis addresses the question to what degree the remoteness from the regional centre, i.e. the position in the core-periphery system, influences the dynamics of the population size of the territorial units of the given level. For the analytical purposes the distinction has been made between the regional centres including adjacent suburban areas and internal regional periphery comprising districts and cities. The main indicator employed was the distance between the periphery areas and regional centres.
The results of the analysis show that in spite of the depopulation of all three countries and severe transformational crisis, there was a steady growth of the population size in the regional centres, while the periphery areas of the regions continued to lose the population. The mentioned differences are primarily determined by migration flows, since the fertility rates are below the replacement level in all the countries’ territories. Population tends to concentrate in the regional centres, which means urbanisation has not been completed yet. While similar patterns of population decline are observed in the periphery areas of Ukraine and Belarus, in Russia the depopulation rates are negatively influenced by the factor of remoteness of a periphery area from the regional centre. All three countries experienced rural population decline everywhere but suburban areas of the regional centres.References
Amcoff, J. and Westholm, E., 2007: Understanding rural change: Demography as a key to the future. In: Futures, 39 (4), pp. 363–379. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2006.08.009
Andrusz, G., Harloe, M. and Szelenyi, I. editors, 1996: Cities After Socialism: Urban and Regional Change and Conflict in Post-Socialist Societies, Oxford: Blackwell.
Antipova, E. and Fakeyeva, L., 2012: Demographic processes in rural areas of Belarus: geographical structure and spatial dynamics. In: Szymańska, D. and Biegańska, J. editors, Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, No. 17. Toruń: Nicolaus Copernicus University, pp. 5-12. DOI: http://dx.doi.org//10.2478/v10089-012-0001-9
Brown, D. and Schafft, K., 2002: Population deconcentration in Hungary during the post-socialist transformation. In: Journal of Rural Studies, Vol. 18 Issue 3, pp. 233-244. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(01)00046-8
Degórski, M., 2006: Editorial spatial structure – some problems of the Core and Peripheral regions in Central and Eastern Europe. In: Komornicki, T. and Czapiewski. K. editors,
Europa XXI. 15. Regional periphery in Central and Eastern Europe, Warszawa: Stanisław Leszczycki Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, PAS, pp. 5-7.
Friedmann, J., 1972: A general theory of polarized development. In: Hansen, N.M. editor, Growth Centres in regional economic development, New York: The Free Press.
Illner, M. and Alois, A., 1994: The Regional Aspect of Post-Communist Transformation in the Czech Republic. In: Sociologický časopis /Czech Sociological Review, 2(1), pp. 107-127.
Ioffe, G. and Zayonchkovskaya, Z., 2011: Spatial Shifts in the Population of Moscow Region. In: Eurasian Geography and Economics, Vol. 52, Issue 4, pp. 543-566. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/1539-7216.52.4.543
Karachurina, L. and Mkrtchyan, N., 2013: Izmeneniye chislennosti naseleniya administrativnykh raiyonov i gorodov Rossii (1989–2010): tsentro-periferiynyye sootnoshenija (Population dynamics in administrative units and cities of Russia (1989-2010): centre periphery perspective – in Russian). In: Alekseev, A.I. and Tkachenko, A.A. editors, Geografiya naseleniya i sotsialnaiya geografiya, Voprosy geografii. Moskovskij filial GO SSSR. Russkoe geograficheskoye obshchestvo, Sbornik, ss. 82-107.
Kupiszewski, M., Durham, H. and Rees, P., 1998: Internal Migration and Urban Change in Poland. In: European Journal of Population, Vol. 14, pp. 265-290. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006058712865
Mahrova, A., Nefedova, T. and Trejvish, A., 2008: Moskovskaya oblast segodniya i zavtra: tendentsii i perspektivy prostranstvennogo razvitija (Moscow region today and tomorrow: trends and perspectives of spatial development – in Russian). In: Novyy khronograf, p. 344.
Mkrtchyan, N., 2013: Migratsia molodezhi v regionalnyiye tsentry Rossii v kontse XX – nachale XXI veka (Migration of youth in regional centres of Russia at the end of 20th century – beginning of 21st century – in Russian). In: Izvestiya Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya. No. 6, pp. 19-32.
Nefedova, T. and Trejvish, A., 2001: Rossiyskiye gorodskiye sistemy v zerkale evolyutsionnykh teorii urbanizatsii (Russian urban systems through evolution of urbanization theories – in Russian). In: Gorod i derevnya v Evropeyskoi Rossii: sto let peremen: Monograficheskiy sbornik. Ob”yedinennoye gumanitarnoye izdatel’tvo, pp. 171-196.
Nefedova T. and Trejvish A., 2002: Teoriya differentsialnoj urbanizatsii i iyerarkhiya gorodov v Rossii na rubezhe XXI veka (Differential urbanization theory and the hierarchy of Russian cities at the turn of the 21st century). In: Mahrova, A.G. editor, Problemy urbanizatsii na rubezhe vekov, Smolensk: Ojkumena, ss. 71-86.
Palij, E., 2009: Naselenie Ukrainy (Population of Ukraine – in Russian). In: Demoskope Weekly, No. 403-404, available at: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2009/0403/tema01.php, DoA: 13 January 2015.
Partridge, M., Rickman, D., Ali, K. and Olfert, M., 2006: Does the New Economic Geography Explain U.S. Core-Periphery Population Dynamics? Canada Rural Economy Research Lab Working Paper, available at: http://www.crerl.usask.ca/research/New_Economic_Geography.pdf, DoA: 05 January 2015.
Petrakova Ju., 2010: Migratsiya v Belarusii (Migration in Belarus). In: Paladi G.A., Shahot’ko L.P. and Gagauz O.E. editors, Osnovnyye vyzovy demograficheskoy bezopasnostii: skhodstva i razlichiya v Moldove i Belarusii, Kishinev: Shtiinca, pp. 246-270.
Pirozhnik I. and Antipova E., 2013: Prostranstvennaya struktura gorodskogo rasseleniya i kharakter urbanizatsii Belarusii v usloviyakh globalizatsii (Spatial structure of urban settlement and trends urbanization Belarus in conditions of globalization). In: Regionalnyie issledovaniya, No. 2. pp. 82-93.
Pribytkova, I., 1999: Urbanizatsiya v Ukraine na poroge XXI veka (Urbanization in Ukraine on the eve of 21st century – in Russian). In: Zayonchkovskaya, Zh. editor, Migratsiya i urbanizatsija v SNG i Baltii v 1990-ye gody, Tsentr izucheniya problem vynuzhdennoy migratsii v SNG, Adamant, pp. 143-158.
Raagmaa, G., 2003: Centre-Periphery model explaining the regional development of the informational and transitional society. In: 43rd Congress of the European regional science association (ERSA), Jyvaskyla, Finland, August 27-30, available at: https://www.jyu.fi/ersa2003/cdrom/papers/503.pdf , DoA: 13 January 2015.
Richardson, H., 1973: Regional growth theory, New York: John Wiley.
Shahotko, L., 1999: Urbanizatsiya v respublike Belarus (Urbanization in the republic of Belarus – in Russian). In: Zayonchkovskaja, Zh. editor, Migratsiya i urbanizatsiya v SNG i Baltii v 1990-ye gody, Tsentr izucheniya problem vynuzhdennoy migratsii v SNG, Adamant, pp. 101-112.
Steinführer, A., Bierzyński, A., Großmann, K., Haase, A., Kabisch, S. and Klusácek, P., 2010: Population Decline in Polish and Czech Cities during Post-socialism? Looking Behind the Official Statistics. In: Urban Studies, Vol. 47, Issue 11, pp. 2325-2346. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098009360224
Swiaczny, F., Graze, Ph. and Schlömer, C., 2008: Spatial Impacts of Demographic Change in Germany — Urban Population Processes Reconsidered. In: Zeitschrift für Bevölkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 33, Issue 2, pp. 181-206. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12523-009-0010-9
Szymańska, D., Grzelak-Kostulska, E. and Hołowiecka, B., 2009: Polish towns and the changes in their areas and population densities. In: Szymańska, D. and Grzelak-Kostulska, E. editors, Bulletin of Geography. Socio–economic Series, No. 11, Toruń: Nicolaus Copernicus University, pp. 15-29. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10089-008-0018-2
Todd, D., 1974: An appraisal of the development pole concept in regional analysis. In: Environment and Planning A, Vol. 6, pp. 291-306.
Tolts, M., 2008: Population Trends in the Russian Federation: Reflections on the Legacy of Soviet Censorship and Distortions of Demographic Statistics. In: Eurasian Geography and Economics, Vol. 49, Issue 1, pp. 87–98. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/1539-7216.49.87
Vining, D. and Pallone, R., 1982: Migration between Core and Peripheral Regions: a Description and Tentative Explanation of the Patterns in 22 Countries. In: Geoforum, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 339-410. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7185(82)90031-8
Vińuela, A. and Vázquez Fernández, E., 2012: From the periphery to the core: direct and indirect effects of the migration of labour. In: Review of Regional Research: Jahrbuch für Regionalwissenschaft, Vol. 32, Issue 1, March 2012, pp 1-18. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10037-011-0059-5
Vobecka, J., 2010: Spatial dynamics of the population in the Czech Republic, 1989-2007. Ph.D. Thesis, Charles University in Prague: Faculty of Science: Department of Demography and Geodemography; Universite de Bourgogne in Digon: UMR INRA – AgroSup Digon, p. 222.
Zayonchkovskaya, Zh., 1988: Migratsija i urbanizatsija v SSSR v posleoktyabrrkiy period (Migration and urbanization in the USSR during post-revolution period – in Russian). In: Rybakovskij, L.L. editor, Naseleniye SSSR za 70 let., Moscow: Nauka, pp. 37-74.
Zayonchkovskaya, Zh., 1991: Demograficheskaya situatsiya i rasseleniye (Demographic situation and population dispersion – in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, p. 132.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Title, logo and layout of journal Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series are reserved trademarks of Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series.Stats
Number of views and downloads: 146
Number of citations: 25
