The underground city: the tourism potential of water and sewage infrastructure: the example of Poland
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2478/bog-2021-0035Keywords
technical infrastructure tourism, water works, sewerage, technical infrastructureAbstract
Industrial tourism and technical facilities are a fast-growing branch of tourism that contains areas of great growth potential. The article deals with one of them. The tourist potential of water and sewage infrastructure in selected Polish cities was analysed and assessed. The study covered 11 cities of diverse socio-economic potentials around the country. For each city, data were collected that had various levels of detail with regard to visitor numbers, tourist types, facilities made available, events and other special celebrations. For supplementary data, unstructured interviews were also conducted with relevant employees identified in businesses.
The analysis showed the studied form of tourism to have very high tourism potential. The work focuses on factors and features accounting for its currently low level of development. It is also emphasised that, based on current tourism trends, it should be expected to continue to grow rapidly in the coming years, and thus warrants further research.
References
Bangstad, T.R. (2011). Routes of Industrial Heritage: On the Animation of Sedentary Objects. Culture Unbound 3: 279-295. Available at: https://cultureunbound.ep.liu.se/article/view/1977/1345 (18.11.2021).
Boros, L., Martyin, Z., & Pàl, V. (2013). Industrial tourism-trends and opportunities. Forum geografic, 2(1): 108-114. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5775/fg.2067-4635.2013.132.i
Cheng-Fei, L. (2015). An investigation of factors determining industrial tourism attractiveness. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 16(2): 184-197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1467358415600217
Chmielewska, M., & Otto, M. (2014). Revitalisation of spoil tips and socio-economic polarisation–a case study of Ruhr area (Germany). Environmental & Socio-economic Studies, 2: 45-56.
Chmura, J., & Mikoś T. (2009). Średniowieczny kolektor sanitarny w Przemyślu jako element podziemnej trasy turystycznej (The medieval intercepting sewer in Przemyśl as an element of the underground tourist route – in Polish). Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria, 33(3/1): 65-74.
Denek, K. (2000). W kręgu edukacji, krajoznawstwa i turystyki w szkole (In the field of education, sightseeing and tourism in school - in Polish). Poznań: Publisher of the Eruditus, .
Eckart, K. (2003). Social, Economic and Cultural Aspects in the Dynamic Changing Process of Old Industrial Regions: Ruhr District (Germany), Upper Silesia (Poland), Ostrava Region (Czech Republic). Lit Verlag Münster.
Gdańsk Water Supply and Sewerage Infrastructure, (2021). Company internal materials.
Gorączko, M., & Pasela, R. (2015). Causes and effects of the water consumption drop by the population of cities in Poland-selected aspects. Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, 27: 67-79. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bog-2015-0005
Gržinić, J., Zanketić, P., & Baćac, R. (2009). Industrial tourism in Istria. Ekonomska misao i praksa, 18(2): 211-232. Available at: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.833.3839&rep=rep1&type=pdf (8.11.2021).
Gyuricza, L. (2008). A turizmus nemzetközi földrajza. Budapest-Pécs : Dialóg Campus Kiadó.
Jalinik, M. (2008). Innowacje w rozwoju turystyki (Innovations in the development of tourism – in Polish). Białystok: Publisher of the Politechnika Białostocka.
Janas, D. (2005). Tyskie Muzeum Piwowarstwa – od pomysłu do powstania pierwszego muzeum piwa w Polsce (Tyskie Brewing Museum - from the idea to the creation of the first beer museum in Poland – in Polish), In T. Burzyński & M. Łabaj (Ed.). Dziedzictwo przemysłowe jako atrakcyjny produkt dla turystyki i rekreacji. Doświadczenia krajowe i zagraniczne, 37-40, Katowice.
Janczukowicz, W., Rodziewicz, J., Mielcarek, A., & Wolter, A. (2016). The impact of food waste discharge into the municipal sewerage on COD concentration in urban wastewater in Olsztyn, Ecological Engineering, (47): 68-73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/62849.
Jędrysiak, T. (2011). Cultural tourism in post-industrial facilities – general issues (Cultural tourism in post-industrial facilities – general issues – in Polish). Cultural tourism, 6: 17-35.
Kamel, M. (2012). Cultural Tourism of School Children. Cultural tourism, 8: 5-22.
Klempa, M., Bujok, P., Porzer, M., & Skupien, P. (2016). Industrial Complexes and their Role in Industrial Tourism-Example of Conversion. GeoScience Engineering, 62(1): 45-50. DOI: 10.1515/gse-2016-0008.
Krakowiak, B., & Skrydalewicz, E. (2013). Noc muzeów jako wydarzenia kulturalne w wybranych miastach Polski, In R. Wiluś, J. Wojciechowska (Ed.), Nowe–stare formy turystyki w przestrzeni, ser. „Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu”, 115–134, Łódź: Publisher of the Uniwersytet Łódź. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/7525-925-4.10.
Lewandowska, A., & Piasecki A. (2019). Selected aspects of water and sewage management in Poland in the context of sustainable urban development. Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, 45(45), 149-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0030.
Łobożewicz, T. (1996). Turystyka dzieci i młodzieży szkolnej (Tourism for children and school youth - in Polish), Warszawa: Publisher of the AWF.
Mazurek-Kusiak, A. (2019). Benefits of the development of tourist products in Perła – Browary Lubelskie S.A. Economic and Regional Studies, 12(1): 90-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ers-2019-0009.
Michniewicz-Ankiersztajn, H., & Podgórski, Z. (2015). Architektura XIX i XX wieku jako produkt turystyki kulturowej w Bydgoszczy i okolicach (Architecture of the 19th and 20th centuries as a product of cultural tourism in Bydgoszcz and its vicinity). In. A. Dłużewska, A. Gonia, H. Michniewicz-Ankiersztajn, & Z. Podgórski (Ed.). Współczesne problemy turystyki. Poznań: Publisher of the Ośrodek Rekreacji, Sportu i Edukacji in Poznan.
Municipal Water and Sewerage Company in Wrocław, (2021). Company internal materials.
Municipal Water Supply and Sewer Water Museum in Koszalin, (2021). Company internal materials.
Price, W.R. (2021). Mining for Tourists: An Analysis of Industrial Tourism and Government Policy in Wales. Tourism Planning & Development, 18(4): 435-456. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2020.1829695.
Rosicka, B. (2018). Tourist attractions of the industrial heritage of the Wałbrzych Region, Ekonomiczne Problemy Turystyki, 2(42): 225-232. DOI: 10.18276/ept.2018.2.42-21.
Van Westering, J., & Emmanuelle Niela, E. (2008). The Organization of Wine Tourism in France. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 14(3-4): 35-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v14n03_02.
Wandelt, P. (2014). Jakie odpady nie powinny trafiać do kanalizacji? (What Type of Waste Should not Go do Sewage System?- in Polish). Przegląd Papierniczy, 70(10): 600-604.
Wartak, K., & Wieja, T. (2011). Rewitalizacja historycznych kanałów kanalizacyjnych w projektowaniu podziemnych tras turystycznych (Revitalization of historic sewerage channels in the design of underground tourist routes). Nowoczesne Budownictwo Inżynieryjne, 4: 76-80.
Waterworks and Sewage System Company in Łódź, (2021). Company internal materials.
Zhang, J., Cenci, J., Becue, V., & Koutra, S. (2021). The overview of the conservation and renewal of the industrial Belgian heritage as a vector for cultural regeneration. Information, 12(1): 27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/info12010027.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 adam k, Klaudia Dębczyńska
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Title, logo and layout of journal Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series are reserved trademarks of Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series.Stats
Number of views and downloads: 450
Number of citations: 0