The concept of technological proximity in the development of European Union national innovative systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2478/bog-2021-0003Keywords
national innovative systems, technological proximity, technological proximity index, revealed comparative advantagesAbstract
Development of the national innovative systems is designated to solve a number of issues: from decrease in socio-economic inequality in countries and regions to creation of favorable environment for occurrence of new high-tech productions and diversification of industrial composition. Determination of possibilities for expanding a set of innovative types of economic activity must be scientifically substantiated since significant financial, material and human resources may be consumed for creation and support of new economic sectors in the frames of the state policy.
Made in this article is an effort to create a mechanism for revealing of promising trends in development of the innovative economic sphere with account of comparative advantages in commodity composition of export through determination of technological proximity indicators. The purpose of the article is to substantiate a possibility of using the concept of technological proximity for development of the national innovative systems.
The technological proximity indicators based on the revealed comparative advantages (RCA) of countries by commodity groups of export were used in the study. A matrix of technological proximity in the industrial fields (at a six-unit level) for 28 countries of the European Union in 2007-2018 was made.
The obtained results made it possible to reveal comparative advantages by groups of the high-tech products in EU countries in real time. The analysis of technological proximity in the industrial sector has shown the types of economic activity connected with the innovative sector, based on which a degree of countries' participation in manufacture of high-tech products was determined.
The proposed mechanism can be used at development and implementation of the national and regional policy in the sphere of innovative systems, since it allows determining the promising areas for creation and support of new high-tech productionsReferences
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