Housing in multiple occupation and studentification in Johannesburg
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0036Keywords
studentification, houses in multiple occupation, student housing, JohannesburgAbstract
Research concerning studentification is growing in importance. The supply of private student accommodation forms part of the wider urban process of studentification which documents changes in the social, economic and cultural fabric of cities. Although scholarly interest concerning the supply of private student accommodation has enjoyed sustained interest in the global North, only limited work is available surrounding the supply and demand for private student accommodation in global South urban centres. In South Africa there has been growing recognition of the impact of the studentification that has accompanied the massification of tertiary education in the post-apartheid period. Using interviews with key stakeholders, suppliers of student accommodation, as well as focus groups with students, this paper explores the supply of houses in multiple occupation and students’ perspectives on such properties in Johannesburg, South Africa. One distinctive influence upon the studentification process in South Africa is the impact of the national government funding system which was restructured in order to support the tertiary education of students from previously disadvantaged communities.References
Ackermann, A. and Visser, G. (2016). Studentification in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Bulletin of Geography: Socio-Economic Series, 31: 7-17.
Akoojee, S. and Nkomo, M. (2007). Access and quality in South African higher education: The twin challenges of transformation. South African Journal of Higher Education, 21(3): 385-399.
Avni, N. and Alfasi, N. (2018). UniverCity: The vicious cycle of studentification in a peripheral city. City & Community, 17(4): 1248-1269.
Benn, J.D. (2010). Studentification in Stellenbosch. Unpublished MA thesis, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch.
Betancur, J. and Smith, J. (2016). Claiming Neighbourhood: New ways of understanding urban change. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
Boersma, K., Langen, H. and Smets, P. (2013). Paradoxes of Studentification: Social mix versus gentrification in a disadvantaged neighborhood in Amsterdam East. The Open Urban Studies Journal, 6(1): 40-49.
Brennan, J. and Cochrane, A. (2019). Universities: in, of, and beyond their cities. Oxford Review of Education, 45(2): 188-203.
Brookfield, K. (2019). Studentified areas as contested heterotopias: Findings from Southampton. Area, 51: 350-359.
Chatterton, P. (2010). The student city: An ongoing story of neoliberalism, gentrification, and commodification. Environment and Planning A, 42(3): 509-514.
Chatterton, P. and Hollands, R. (2002). Theorising urban playscapes: Producing, regulating and consuming youthful nightlife city spaces. Urban Studies, 39(1): 95-116.
City of Johannesburg (2009). Commune Policy. Johannesburg: City of Johannesburg.
Collins, F.L. (2010). International students as urban agents: International education and urban transformation in Auckland, New Zealand. Geoforum, 41(6):940-950.
Davison, G. (2009). Carlton and the campus: The university and the gentrification of inner Melbourne 1958–75. Urban Policy and Research, 27(3): 253-264.
Donaldson, R., Campbell, M., Benn, J. and de Jager, A. (2014). Reshaping urban space through studentification in two South African urban centres. Urbani izziv, 25: 176-188.
Fabula, S., Boros, L., Kovács, Z., Horváth, D. and Pál, V. (2017). Studentification, diversity and social cohesion in post-socialist Budapest. Hungarian Geographical Bulletin, 66(2): 157-173.
Fedha, N., Murenga, H. and Bor, E. (2017). Effects of off campus students’ activities on well-being of community neighbouring Egerton University, Nakuru County, Kenya. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 6(5): 47-53.
Fincher, R. and Shaw, K. (2009). The unintended segregation of transnational students in central Melbourne. Environment and Planning A, 41(8):1884-1902.
Foote, N.S. (2017). Beyond studentification in United States college towns: Neighborhood change in the knowledge nodes, 1980–2010. Environment and Planning A, 49(6): 1341-1360.
Garmendia, M., Coronado, J.M. and Ureña, J.M. (2012). University students sharing flats: When studentification becomes vertical. Urban Studies, 49(12): 2651-2668.
Grabkowska, M. and Frankowski, J. (2016). ‘Close to the city centre, close to the university’: Are there symptoms of studentification in Gdańsk, Poland? Bulletin of Geography: Socio-Economic Series, 32: 73-83.
Gregory, J.J. (2020). Studentification and urban change in South Africa. In R. Massey and A. Gunter (Eds.), Urban Geography in South Africa. Springer.
Gregory, J.J. and Rogerson, J.M. (2019). Studentification and commodification of student lifestyle in Braamfontein, Johannesburg. Urbani izziv, 30: 158-177.
He, S. (2015). Consuming urban living in ‘villages in the city’: Studentification in Guangzhou, China. Urban Studies, 52(15): 2849-2873.
Holton, M. (2016). Living together in student accommodation: Performances, boundaries and homemaking. Area, 48(1): 57-63.
Hubbard, P. (2008). Regulating the social impacts of studentification: A Loughborough case study. Environment and Planning A, 40(2): 323-341.
Hubbard, P. (2009). Geographies of studentification and purpose-built student accommodation: Leading separate lives? Environment and Planning A, 41(8): 1903-1923.
Jansen, J.D. (2004). Changes and continuities in South Africa’s higher education system, 1994-2004. In L. Chisholm (Ed.), Changing class: Education and social change in post-apartheid South Africa (pp.293-314). London: Zed books.
Kallin, H. and Shaw, M. (2019). Escaping the parasite of the student flat: Reflections on an experiment in co-operative housing. Radical Housing Journal, 1(1):223-226.
Kenna, T. (2011). Studentification in Ireland?: Analysing the impacts of students and student accommodation on Cork City. Irish Geography, 44(2-3): 191-213.
Kinton, C., Smith, D.P. and Harrison, J. (2016). De-studentification: Emptying housing and neighbourhoods of student populations. Environment and Planning A, 48(8): 1617-1635.
Kinton, C., Smith, D.P., Harrison, J. and Culora, A. (2018). New frontiers of studentification: The commodification of student housing as a driver of urban change. Geographical Journal, 184: 242-254.
Lager, D. and van Hoven, B. (2019). Exploring the experienced impact of studentification on ageing-in-place. Urban Planning, 4(2): 96-105.
Laidley, T.M. (2014). The privatization of college housing: Poverty, affordability, and the US public university. Housing Policy Debate, 24(4): 751-768.
Ley D. (1996). The New Middle Class and the Remaking of the Central City. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ley, D. (2003). Artists, aestheticisation and the field of gentrification. Urban Studies, 40(12): 2527-2544.
Malet Calvo, D. (2018). Understanding international students beyond studentification: A new class of transnational urban consumers. The example of Erasmus students in Lisbon (Portugal). Urban Studies, 55(10):2142-2158.
MacLeod, G. (2002). From urban entrepreneurialism to
a ‘Revanchist City’? On spatial injustices of Glasgow’s renaissance. Antipode, 34: 602-624.
Mills, C.A. (1988). “Life on the upslope”: The postmodern landscape of gentrification. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 6(2): 169-190.
Moos, M., Revington, N., Wilkin, T. and Andrey, J. (2019). The knowledge economy city: Gentrification, studentification and youthification, and their connections to universities. Urban Studies, 56(6): 1075-1092.
Mulhearn, C.J. and Franco, M. (2018). If you build it will they come? The boom in purpose-built student accommodation in central Liverpool: Destudentification, studentification and the future of the city. Local Economy, 33(5): 477-495.
Munro, M., Turok, I. and Livingston, M. (2009). Students in cities: A preliminary analysis of their patterns and effects. Environment and Planning A, 41(8):1805-1825.
Nakazawa, T. (2017). Expanding the scope of studentification studies. Geography Compass, 11(1): 1-13.
Prada, J. (2019). Understanding studentification dynamics in low-income neighbourhoods: Students as gentrifiers in Concepcion (Chile). Urban Studies. DOI: http//doi.org/10.1177/0042098018807623
Pickren, G. (2012). “Where can I build my student housing?”: The politics of studentification in Athens- Clarke County, Georgia. South-Eastern Geographer, 52(2): 113-130.
Revington, N., Moos, M., Henry J. and Haider, R. (2018). The urban dormitory: Planning, studentification and the construction of an off-campus student housing market. International Planning Studies, 1-17.
Rogerson, C.M. and Rogerson, J.M. (2015). Johannesburg 2030: The economic contours of a ‘linking global city’. American Behavioural Scientist, 59: 347-368.
Rose, D. (1984). Rethinking gentrification: Beyond the uneven development of Marxist urban theory. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 2(1): 47-74.
Sage, J., Smith, D. and Hubbard, P. (2012a). The diverse geographies of studentification: Living alongside people not like us. Housing Studies, 27(8): 1057-1078.
Sage, J., Smith, D. and Hubbard, P. (2012b). The rapidity of studentification and population change: There goes the (student) hood. Population, Space and Place, 18(5): 597-613.
Sage, J., Smith, D. and Hubbard, P. (2013). New-build studentification: A panacea for balanced communities? Urban Studies, 50(13): 2623-2641.
Smith, D. (2002). Patterns and processes of studentification in Leeds. The Regional Review, 12(1): 15-16.
Smith D. (2005). Studentification: The gentrification factory. In R. Atkinson and G. Bridge (Eds.), Gentrification in a global context: The new urban colonialism (73-90). London: Routledge.
Smith, D. (2008). The politics of studentification and (un)balanced urban populations: lessons for gentrification and sustainable communities? Urban Studies, 45(12): 2541-2564.
Smith, D. (2009). Guest editorial: Student geographies. Environment and Planning A, 41(8): 1795-1804.
Smith, D. and Butler, T. (2007). Conceptualising the socio-spatial diversity of gentrification: ‘to boldly go’ into contemporary gentrified spaces, the ‘final frontier’? Environment and Planning A, 39: 2-9.
Smith, D. and Holt, L. (2007). Studentification and ‘apprentice’ gentrifiers within Britain’s provincial towns and cities: extending the meaning of gentrification. Environment and Planning A, 39(1): 142-161.
Smith, D. and Hubbard, P. (2014). The segregation of educated youth and dynamic geographies of studentification. Area, 46(1); 92-100.
Smith, D., Sage, J. and Balsdon, S. (2014). The geographies of studentification: ‘Here, there and everywhere’? Geography, 99(3): 116-127.
Smith, N. (1979). Toward a theory of gentrification: A back to the city movement by capital, not people. Journal of the American Planning Association, 45(4):538-548.
Sokolowicz, M.E. (2018). Student cities or cities of graduates? The case of Lodz and its students declared preferences. Population, Space, Place, 25: 1-16.
Tuncer, T. and İslam, T. (2017). Studentification as a New Form of Gentrification: Changing Neighborhood Dynamics in Bosna Hersek Neighborhood (Konya). Journal of Planning, 27(3): 303-313.
University of Johannesburg (2016). Policy on privately-owned student accommodation. Available from https://www.uj.ac.za/studyatUJ/Student-Accommodation-Residence-Life/Documents/Policy%20on%20Privately-Owned%20Student%20Accommodation%20%20-%20approved%20by%20MEC%20on%2029%20November%202016.pdf
Visser G. and Kisting D. (2019). Studentification in Stellenbosch, South Africa. Urbani izziv, 30: 158-177.
Woldoff, R.A. and Weiss, K.G. (2018). Studentification and disorder in a college town. City & Community, 17(1): 259-275.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Title, logo and layout of journal Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series are reserved trademarks of Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series.Stats
Number of views and downloads: 446
Number of citations: 10
