Periodic solutions with irrational frequency for a class of semilinear wave equations with variable coefficients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/TMNA.2023.017Keywords
Existence, periodic solutions, wave equationAbstract
This paper is devoted to the study of the existence of periodic solutions for a class of semilinear wave equations with variable coefficients. The forced vibrations of a nonhomogeneous string and propagation of seismic waves in nonisotropic media is governed by this mathematical model. When the frequency is a sufficiently large irrational number with bounded partial quotients, the existence of weak solutions is established. Then, under some suitable conditions, we improve the regularity of weak solutions. Our results can also be applied to the corresponding constant coefficients wave equation.References
P. Baldi and M. Berti, Forced vibrations of a nonhomogeneous string, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 40 (2008), 382–412.
V. Barbu and N.H. Pavel, Periodic solutions to nonlinear one dimensional wave equation with x-dependent coefficients, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 349 (1997), 2035–2048.
A.K. Ben-Naoum and J. Mawhin, Periodic solutions of some semilinear wave equation on balls and on spheres, Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal. 1 (1993), 113–137.
J. Berkovits and J. Mawhin, Diophantine approximation, Bessel functions and radially symmetric periodic solutions of semilinear wave equations in a ball, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 353 (2001), 5041–5055.
M. Berti and P. Bolle, Periodic solutions of nonlinear wave equations with general nonlinearities, Comm. Math. Phys. 243 (2003), 315–328.
M. Berti and P. Bolle, Cantor families of periodic solutions for completely resonant nonlinear wave equations, Duke Math. J. 134 (2006), 359–419.
M. Berti and P. Bolle, Cantor families of periodic solutions for wave equations via a variational principle, Adv. Math. 217 (2008), 1671–1727.
M. Berti and P. Bolle, Cantor families of periodic solutions of wave equations with C k nonlinearities, NoDEA Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl. 15 (2008), 247–276.
M. Berti and P. Bolle, Sobolev periodic solutions of nonlinear wave equations in higher spatial dimensions, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 195 (2010), 609–642.
M. Berti and P. Bolle, Sobolev quasi-periodic solutions of multidimensional wave equations with a multiplicative potential, Nonlinearity 25 (2012), 2579–2613.
E. Borel, Sur les équations aux dérivées partielles à coefficients constants et les fonctions non analytiques, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 121 (1895), 933–935.
J. Bourgain, Construction of periodic solutions of nonlinear wave equations in higher dimension, Geom. Funct. Anal. 5 (1995), 629–639.
H. Brézis, Periodic solutions of nonlinear vibrating strings and duality principles, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 8 (1983), 409–426.
H. Brézis and L. Nirenberg, Forced vibrations for a nonlinear wave equation, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 31 (1978), 1–30.
K. Chang and L. Sanchez, Nontrivial periodic solutions of a nonlinear beam equation, Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 4 (1982), 194–205.
K. Chang, S. Wu and S. Li, Multiple periodic solutions for an asymptotically linear wave equation, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 31 (1982), 721–731.
B. Chen, Y. Gao and Y. Li, Periodic solutions to nonlinear Euler–Bernoulli beam equations, Commun. Math. Sci. 17 (2019), 2005–2034.
B. Chen, Y. Li and Y. Gao, The existence of periodic solutions for nonlinear beam equations on Td by a para-differential method, Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 41 (2018), 2546–2574.
J. Chen, Periodic solutions to nonlinear wave equation with spatially dependent coefficients, Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 66 (2015), 2095–2107.
J. Chen and Z. Zhang, Existence of infinitely many periodic solutions for the radially symmetric wave equation with resonance, J. Differential Equation 260 (2016), 6017–6037.
J. Chen and Z. Zhang, Existence of multiple periodic solutions to asymptotically linear wave equations in a ball, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 56 (2017), 58.
J.M. Coron, Periodic solutions of a nonlinear wave equation without assumption of monotonicity, Math. Ann. 262 (1983), 273–285.
L. Corsi and R. Montalto, Quasi-periodic solutions for the forced Kirchhoff equation on Td , Nonlinearity 31 (2018), 5075–5109.
W. Craig and C.E. Wayne, Newton’s method and periodic solutions of nonlinear wave equations, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 46 (1993), 1409–1498.
L.H. Eliasson, B. Grébert and S.B. Kuksin, KAM for the nonlinear beam equation, Geom. Funct. Anal. 26 (2016), 1588–1715.
J. Fokam, Multiplicity and regularity of large periodic solutions with rational frequency for a class of semilinear monotone wave equations, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 145 (2017), 4283–4297.
S. Ji, Time periodic solutions to a nonlinear wave equation with x-dependent coefficients, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 32 (2008), 137–153.
S. Ji, Periodic solutions for one dimensional wave equation with bounded nonlinearity, J. Differential Equations 264 (2018), 5527–5540.
S. Ji and Y. Li, Periodic solutions to one-dimensional wave equation with x-dependent coefficients, J. Differential Equations 229 (2006), 466–493.
S.B. Kuksin, Hamiltonian perturbations of infinite-dimensional linear with imaginary spectrum, Funct. Anal. Appl. 21 (1987), 192–205.
M. Ma and S. Ji, Time periodic solutions of one-dimensional forced Kirchhoff equations with x-dependent coefficients, Proc. A. 474 (2018), 17 pp.
J. Mawhin, Topological degree methods in nonlinear boundary value problems, CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics, vol. 40, American Mathematical Society, Providence, R.I., 1979.
P.J. Mckenna, On solutions of a nonlinear wave question when the ratio of the period to the length of the intervals is irrational, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 93 (1985), 59–64.
R. Montalto, Quasi-periodic solutions of forced Kirchhoff equation, NoDEA Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl. 24 (2017), 71 pp.
R. Montalto, A reducibility result for a class of linear wave equations on Td , Int. Math. Res. Not. IMRN (2019), 1788–862.
P. Rabinowitz, Periodic solutions of nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 20 (1967), 145–205.
P. Rabinowitz, Free vibrations for a semilinear wave equation, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 31 (1978), 31–36.
I.A. Rudakov, Periodic solutions of the quasilinear equation of forced vibrations of an inhomogeneous string, Math. Notes 101 (2017), 137–148.
W.M. Schmidt, Diophantine Approximation, Lecture Notes in Math., vol. 785, Springer–Verlag, Berlin, 1980.
C. Tong and J. Zheng, The periodic solutions of a nonhomogeneous string with Dirichlet–Neumann condition, Chin. Ann. Math. Ser. B 35 (2014), 619–632.
C.E. Wayne, Periodic and quasi-periodic solutions of nonlinear wave equations via KAM theory, Commun. Math. Phys. 127 (1990), 479–528.
H. Wei and S. Ji, Infinitely many periodic solutions for a semilinear wave equation with x-dependent coefficients, ESAIM Control Optim. Calc. Var. 26 (2020), 20.
H. Wei and S. Ji, Existence of multiple periodic solutions to a semilinear wave equation with x-dependent coefficients, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A 150 (2020), 2586–2606.
H. Wei, M. Ma and S. Ji, Multiple periodic solutions for an asymptotically linear wave equation with x-dependent coefficients, J. Math. Phys. 62 (2021), 20 pp.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Hui Wei
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 0
Number of citations: 0