Physical activity during aging – role of physical activity in muscle atrophy and physical impairment during aging
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2020.019Keywords
muscle strength, coordination, exercise, physical activity, agingAbstract
Regular physical activity and exercise have many beneficial effects for physical and mental health in almost every population. Regular exercises may induce reduction of age-related lean body mass loss and decrease risk of bone fractures. Furthermore it has been observed that regular physical activity may reduce the risk for several chronic diseases including metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2, and depression. Exercise, however, especially in elderly populations are not done very often. This is due to the lack of awareness of their beneficial effect and the lack of ideas for such type of activity. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge regarding to role and effects of physical exercises on muscle functioning and coordination specially during aging. Before a final recommendation can be made with respect to the possible therapeutically role of physical training in aged people, there is a substantial need for further studies to be performed on this topic.References
Akagi, R., Kanehisa, H., Kawakami, Y., Fukunaga, T. (2008). Establishing a new index of muscle cross-sectional area and its relationship with isometric muscle strength. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(1), 82-87.
Akagi, R., Takai, Y., Ohta, M., Kanehisa, H., Kawakami, Y., Fukunaga, T. (2009). Muscle volume compared to cross-sectional area is more appropriate for evaluating muscle strength in young and elderly individuals. Age and ageing, 38(5), 564-569.
Akerman, J. P., Heckman, G. A., McKelvie, R. S. (2015). Exercise Capacity and Aging. American Jurnal of Lifestyle Med. 9(4):252-265.
Andersen, L. L., Aagaard, P. (2006). Influence of maximal muscle strength and intrinsic muscle contractile properties on contractile rate of force development. European journal of applied physiology, 96(1), 46-52.
Andersen, L. L., Andersen, J. L., Zebis, M. K., Aagaard, P. (2010). Early and late rate of force development: differential adaptive responses to resistance training?. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 20(1).
Behnke, B. J., Ramsey, M. W., Stabley, J. N., Dominguez, J. M. 2nd, Davis, T.R. 3rd, McCullough, D. J., Muller-Delp, J. M., Delp, M. D. (2012). Effects of aging and exercise training on skeletal muscle blood flow and resistance artery morphology. Journal of Applied Physiology. 113(11):1699-1708.
Berchtold, N. C., Kesslak, J. P., Cotman, C. W. (2002). Hippocampal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene regulation by exercise and the medial septum. Journal of neuroscience research, 68(5), 511-521.
Bottinelli, R. Y. C. R., Reggiani, C. (2000). Human skeletal muscle fibres: molecular and functional diversity. Progress in biophysics and molecular biology, 73(2), 195-262.
Burkholder, T. J., Fingado, B., Baron, S., Lieber, R. L. (1994). Relationship between muscle fiber types and sizes and muscle architectural properties in the mouse hindlimb. J Morphol 221: 177-190.
Colcombe, S. J., Erickson, K. I., Scalf, P. E., Kim, J. S., Prakash, R., McAuley, E., Elavsky, S., Marquez, D. X., Hu, L., Kramer, A. F. (2006). Aerobic exercise training increases brain volume in aging humans. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 61(11), 1166-1170.
Colcombe, S. J., Kramer, A. F., Erickson, K. I., Scalf, P., McAuley, E., Cohen, N. J., Webb A., Jerome G. J., Marquez D. X., Elavsky, S. (2004). Cardiovascular fitness, cortical plasticity, and aging. Proceedings of the National academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101(9), 3316-3321.
Daniels, K., Toth, J., Jacoby, L. (2006). The aging of executive functions In: Lifespan Cognition: Mechanisms of Change, edited by Bialystok E and Craik FIM. New York: Oxford University Press. 96–111.
DiPietro, L. (2001). Physical activity in aging: changes in patterns and their relationship to health and function. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 56(suppl_2), 13-22.
Drake, R. L., Vogl, W. A., Mitchell, A. W. M. (2010). Gray anatomy. Textbook for students. Volume I. Red. ed. I Polish: Bruska M, Ciszek B, Kowiański P, Woźniak W. Elsevier Urban & Partner, Wrocław. 108-110.
Faigenbaum, A. D., Kraemer, W. J., Blimkie, C. J., Jeffreys, I., Micheli, L. J., Nitka, M., Rowland, T. W. (2009). Youth resistance training: updated position statement paper from the national strength and conditioning association. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23, 60-79.
Farmer, J., Zhao, X. V., Van Praag, H., Wodtke, K., Gage, F. H., Christie, B. R. (2004). Effects of voluntary exercise on synaptic plasticity and gene expression in the dentate gyrus of adult male Sprague–Dawley rats in vivo. Neuroscience, 124(1), 71-79.
Fukunaga, T., Ichinose, Y., Ito, M., Kawakami, Y., Fukashiro, S. (1997). Determination of fascicle length and pennation in a contracting human muscle in vivo. Journal of Applied Physiology, 82(1), 354-358.
Gavin, T. P., Kraus, R. M., Carrithers, J. A., Garry, J. P., Hickner, R. C. (2014). Aging and the skeletal muscle angiogenic response to exercise in women. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and Medical Sciences, 70(10), 1189-1197.
Hampl, J. S., Taylor, C. A., Johnston, C. S. (2004). Vitamin C deficiency and depletion in the United States: the third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988 to 1994. American journal of public health, 94(5), 870-875.
Hawkins, S. A., Wiswell, R. A. (2003). Rate and mechanism of maximal oxygen consumption decline with aging. Sports medicine, 33(12), 877-888.
Kennel, K. A., Drake, M. T., Hurley, D. L. (2010, August). Vitamin D deficiency in adults: when to test and how to treat. In Mayo Clinic Proceedings (Vol. 85, No. 8, pp. 752-758). Elsevier.
Keysor, J. J. (2003). Does late-life physical activity or exercise prevent or minimize disablement?: a critical review of the scientific evidence. American journal
of preventive medicine, 25(3), 129-136.
Larson, E. B., Wang, L., Bowen, J. D., McCormick, W. C., Teri, L., Crane, P., Kukull, W. (2006). Exercise is associated with reduced risk for incident dementia among persons 65 years of age or older. Ann Intern Med. 144(2), 73-81.
Larson-Meyer, D. E., Willis, K. S. (2010). Vitamin D and athletes. Current sports medicine reports, 9(4), 220-226.
Marecki B. (2004). Functional anatomy in the field of physical education and physiotherapy studies. Poznań, Academy of Physical Education. E. Piasecki in Poznań.
Markovic, G., Jaric, S. (2005). Scaling of muscle power to body size: the effect of stretch-shortening cycle. European journal of applied physiology, 95(1), 11-19.
McCall, G. E, Byrnes, W. C, Dickinson, A., Pattany, P. M., Fleck, S. J. Muscle fiber hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and capillary density in college men after resistance
training. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1996;81(5): 2004-2012.
McCall, G. E., Byrnes, W. C., Dickinson, A., Pattany, P. M., Fleck, S. J. (1995). Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, And Capillary Density In College Males Following Resistance Training. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 27(5), S66.
Mieszkowski, J., Niespodziński, B., Kochanowicz, A., Gmiat, A., Prusik, K., Prusik, K., Ziemann E., Antosiewicz, J. (2018). The Effect of Nordic Walking Training Combined with Vitamin D Supplementation on Postural Control and Muscle Strength in Elderly People—A Randomized Controlled Trial. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(9), 1951.
Miyatani, M, Kanehisa, H, Fukunaga, T. (2000) Validity of bioelectrical impedance and ultrasonographic methods for estimating the muscle volume of the upper arm. Eur J Appl Physiol 82:391–396.
Miyatani, M., Kanehisa, H., Ito, M., Kawakami, Y., Fukunaga, T. (2004). The accuracy of volume estimates using ultrasound muscle thickness measurements in different muscle groups. European journal of applied physiology, 91(2-3), 264-272.
Moisey, L. L., Mourtzakis, M., Kozar, R. A., Compher, C., Heyland, D. K. (2016). Existing equations to estimate lean body mass are not accurate in the critically ill: Results of a multicenter observational study. Clin Nutr S0261-5614(16): 31251-31251.
Moritani, T., Devries, H. A. (1980). Potential for gross muscle hypertrophy in older men. Journal of Gerontology, 35(5), 672-682.
Neeper, SA, Gómez-Pinilla, F., Choi, J., Cotman, J.C. Exercise and brain neurotrophins. Nature, 373, 109.
Netz, Y., Wu, M. J., Becker, B. J., Tenenbaum, G. (2005). Physical activity and psychological well-being in advanced age: a meta-analysis of intervention studies. Psychol Aging. 20(2):272-284.
Noakes, T. D. (2000). Physiological models to understand exercise fatigue and the adaptations that predict or enhance athletic performance. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 10(3), 123-145.
Ogawa, T., Spina, R. J., Martin, W. 3., Kohrt, W. M., Schechtman, K. B., Holloszy, J. O., Ehsani, A. A. (1992). Effects of aging, sex, and physical training on cardiovascular responses to exercise. Circulation, 86(2), 494-503.
Padilla, J., Simmons, G. H., Bender, S. B., Arce-Esquivel, A. A., Whyte, J. J., Laughlin, M. H. (2011). Vascular effects of exercise: endothelial adaptations beyond active muscle beds. Physiology, 26(3), 132-145.
Paluska, S. A., Schwenk, T. L. (2000). Physical activity and mental health. Sports medicine, 29(3), 167-180.
Pang, P. T., Lu, B. (2004). Regulation of late-phase LTP and long-term memory in normal and aging hippocampus: role of secreted proteins tPA and BDNF. Ageing research reviews, 3(4), 407-430.
Pearce, S.H., Cheetham, T.D. (2010). Diagnosis and management of vitamin D deficiency. BMJ. 340:5664.
Poole, J. G., Lawrenson, L., Kim, J., Brown, C., Richardson, R. S. (2003). Vascular and metabolic response to cycle exercise in sedentary humans: effect of age. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 284(4), 1251-1259.
Raczek, J. (1993). The concept of structuring and classification of human motor skills. (In) Human motor skills - its structure, changeability and conditions, (ed.) W. Osiński. Monographs, (310).
Raz, N., Lindenberger, U., Rodrigue, K. M., Kennedy, K. M., Head, D., Williamson, A., Dahle, C., Gerstorf, D., Acker, J. D. (2005). Regional brain changes in health aging adults: general trends, individual differences and modifiers. Cerebral cortex, 15(11), 1676-1689.
Reicher, M., Bilikiewicz, T., Hiller, S., Stołyhwo, E. (2003). General anatomy: bones, joints and ligaments, muscles. Warsaw, PZWL. 618-648.
Rhea, M. R., Kenn, J. G., Peterson, M. D., Massey, D., Simão, R., Marin, P. J., Krein, D. (2016). Joint-Angle Specific Strength Adaptations Influence Improvements
in Power in Highly Trained Athletes. Human movement, 17(1), 43-49.
Starosta, W. (2003). Motor coordination skills: (meaning, structure, conditioning, shaping). International Motorsport Association, Institute of Sport Warsaw.
Starosta, W. (2006). The concept of modern training in sport. Studies in Physical Culture & Tourism, 13(2).
Strawbridge, W. J., Deleger, S., Roberts, R. E., Kaplan, G. A. (2002). Physical activity reduces the risk of subsequent depression for older adults. American journal of epidemiology, 156(4), 328-334.
Thompson, P. D., Buchner, D., Piña, I. L., Balady, G. J., Williams, M. A., Marcus, B. H., Berra K., Blair S. N., Costa F., Franklin B., Fletcher G. F., Gordon N. F., Pate R. R, Rodriguez B. L., Yancey A. K., Wenger N. K. (2003). Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Circulation, 107(24), 3109-3116.
Trezise, J., Collier, N., Blazevich, A. J. (2016). Anatomical and neuromuscular variables strongly predict maximum knee extension torque in healthy men. European journal of applied physiology, 116(6), 1159-1177.
Trzaskoma, Z., Trzaskoma, Ł. (2001). Comprehensive increase in the muscle strength of athletes. Warsaw, Central Sports Center.
Uda, M., Ishido, M., Kami, K., Masuhara, M. (2006). Effects of chronic treadmill running on neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of adult rat. Brain Research, 1104(1), 64-72.
Weuve, J., Kang, J. H., Manson, J. E., Breteler, M. M., Ware, J. H., Grodstein, F. (2004). Physical activity, including walking, and cognitive function in older women. Jama, 292(12), 1454-1461.
Woźniak, W. (2010). Human anathomy. A textbook for students and doctors, Elsevier Urban & Partner, Wrocław 2: 19-390. ISBN: 978-83-87944-74-2.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 571
Number of citations: 0
