Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Management - Current Concepts and Future Perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2026.60.72780Keywords
pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pathogenesis, vascular remodeling, targetet therapy, biomarkers, diagnosisAbstract
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex and heterogeneous condition
characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, increased pulmonary vascular
resistance, and progressive right ventricular failure.
Objective: This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the pathogenesis, clinical
presentation, diagnostic approaches, and treatment of PH, with particular emphasis on
pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).
Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted, including recent clinical
studies, review articles, and current guidelines addressing the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and
management of PH.
Results: Key mechanisms underlying PH include endothelial dysfunction, vascular
remodeling, and dysregulation of the prostacyclin, nitric oxide, and endothelin pathways.
Diagnostic strategies are based on non-invasive assessment and right heart catheterization.
Current therapies improve exercise capacity and quality of life but do not reverse vascular
remodeling.
Conclusions: Despite significant advances, PH remains associated with poor prognosis.
Future research focusing on molecular mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets may enable
more effective and personalized treatment strategies
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Copyright (c) 2026 Aleksandra Jakimowicz, Małgorzata Blecharczyk, Martyna Mrozek, Martyna Pacanowska-Trawnicka, Igor Zydlewski, Agnieszka Zielińska, Zuzanna Zofia Kamińska, Aleksandra Malcher
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