A Review of Candida auris

Environmental Persistence and Evidence-Based Decontamination and Prevention Strategies

Abstract

Background. Candida auris is an emerging, multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen of
significant public health concern. Noted for its environmental persistence and high
transmissibility, it poses a substantial threat in healthcare settings, particularly in
intensive care units, driving the need for specific infection control protocols.

Aim. The aim of this study was a comparative analysis of environmental disinfection
methods used in the prevention and control of Candida auris in various countries and
healthcare facilities.
Material and methods. This review analyzed literature from 2016-2025, sourced
from databases such as PubMed, alongside public health guidelines and
epidemiological reports. A comparative analysis of the selected data was
conducted.

Results. Disinfection strategies against C. auris primarily recommend chlorine- and
hydrogen peroxide-based agents, with UV-C and vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP)
noted as supplementary measures. A comparative analysis revealed significant
international divergence, particularly regarding quaternary ammonium compounds
(QACs), which are largely restricted except in specific contexts like India. Overall
efficacy is highly variable and dependent on disinfectant selection, workflow, staff
training, and the consistency of protocol implementation.

Conclusions. Chlorine- and peroxide-based disinfectants are most effective against C.
auris, while QACs are discouraged despite their localized use. To counter variability
in international guidelines, a unified regulatory framework is recommended. Key
recommendations include standardizing procedures, enhancing staff training, and
maintaining strict surveillance. Further research, including hospital case studies, is
needed due to insufficient current data.