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Quality in Sport

The Impact of Puberty Timing on Future Metabolic and Hormonal Disorder Risk
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  3. Vol. 42 (2025) /
  4. Medical Sciences

The Impact of Puberty Timing on Future Metabolic and Hormonal Disorder Risk

Authors

  • Agnieszka Buliszak Medical University of Silesia: Katowice, Silesia, PL https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2434-4775
  • Monika Babczyńska Medical University of Silesia, Ul. Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8430-5838
  • Piotr Marcjasz Medical University of Silesia, Ul. Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8247-5200
  • Anna Bioły Medical University of Silesia, Ul. Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2246-3537
  • Patryk Dryja Opole University Hospital, al. W. Witosa 26 45-401 Opole, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4276-474X
  • Agata Boczar Wrocław University Hospital, Ul. Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3754-598X
  • Ewa Chodkowska Medical University of Silesia, Ul. Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055 Katowice, https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1032-9248
  • Kinga Bielas Medical University of Silesia, Ul. Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7151-9420

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2025.42.60439

Keywords

puberty timing, menarche, type 2 diabetes, metabolic risk, insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives:
Puberty is occurring earlier across populations, raising concerns about long-term health effects. Early onset—marked by younger age at menarche in girls or early voice change in boys—has been linked to adverse metabolic outcomes, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1]. This review explores how pubertal timing influences the risk of metabolic and hormonal disorders, focusing on T2DM.
Brief Literature Review:
Earlier puberty correlates with higher risks of obesity, insulin resistance, and T2DM [1]. Each one-year delay in menarche reduces T2DM risk by ~9%, independent of adult adiposity [2]. Girls with menarche ≤11 years and boys with early voice breaking show elevated T2DM odds [2]. Early puberty is also associated with higher adult BMI, gestational diabetes, and PCOS [1,13]. Mechanisms include childhood obesity, insulin resistance during puberty, and hormonal shifts [14]. Some effects persist beyond body weight influences [5,6].
Conclusions:
Early puberty is a marker—and possibly a mediator—of increased T2DM and hormonal disorder risk [1,2]. Pubertal timing may independently impact long-term health. Identifying at-risk youth could support early interventions. Further research should explore causal pathways and prevention strategies.

References

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Quality in Sport

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Published

2025-06-03

How to Cite

1.
BULISZAK, Agnieszka, BABCZYŃSKA, Monika, MARCJASZ, Piotr, BIOŁY , Anna, DRYJA, Patryk, BOCZAR, Agata, CHODKOWSKA, Ewa and BIELAS, Kinga. The Impact of Puberty Timing on Future Metabolic and Hormonal Disorder Risk. Quality in Sport. Online. 3 June 2025. Vol. 42, p. 60439. [Accessed 5 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/QS.2025.42.60439.
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Vol. 42 (2025)

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Medical Sciences

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Copyright (c) 2025 Agnieszka Buliszak, Monika Babczyńska, Piotr Marcjasz, Anna Bioły , Patryk Dryja, Agata Boczar, Ewa Chodkowska, Kinga Bielas

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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