The role of diet and nutritional deficiences in neurodegenerative diseases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2025.41.60334Keywords
Alzhaimer disease, Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, nutrient, neurodegenerative disease, Dash, MINDAbstract
Purpose of reaserch: This is a review of the literature on the most common neurodegenerative diseases, their causes, impact on physical and mental health, diets and nutritional deficiencies influencing the development or course of the disease.Materials and methods: The literature review was based on materials retrieved from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using keywords such as ,,neurodegenerative disease’’, ,,Diet In Alzhaimer disease’’, ,,Diet In Parkinson disease’’. The scope of the studies analyzed covered the years 1999 to 2024, with a focus on recent research.Results: Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable, and a factor relatively as easily modifiable as an adequate diet influences both the onset and course of the disease. An appropriate diet can delay the onset of some symptoms as well as alleviate them, but much research is still needed to determine which diets have a protective effect and which diets or products will increase symptoms.Conclusions: Neurodegenerative diseases are increasingly common in ageing societies, more and more patients will face these diseases. This is why it is so important to protect the patient in every possible way, to prevent or reduce their ailments, and proper nutrition is a relatively easily modifiable factor that can aid this process. We compared the work of dozens of authors from different corners of the world who studied the effects of different products and diets on the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
References
1. Eratne D, Loi SM, Farrand S, Kelso W, Velakoulis D, Looi JC. Alzheimer's disease: clinical update on epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis. Australas Psychiatry. 2018;26(4):347-357. doi:10.1177/1039856218762308
2. Hampel H, Mesulam MM, Cuello AC, et al. The cholinergic system in the pathophysiology and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Brain. 2018;141(7):1917-1933. doi:10.1093/brain/awy132
3. Stefaniak O, Dobrzyńska M, Drzymała-Czyż S, Przysławski J. Diet in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Research Requirements. Nutrients. 2022;14(21):4564. Published 2022 Oct 30. doi:10.3390/nu14214564
4. Ylilauri MP, Voutilainen S, Lönnroos E, et al. Association of dietary cholesterol and egg intakes with the risk of incident dementia or Alzheimer disease: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;105(2):476-484. doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.146753
5. Martín ISM, Barato VP, Oliva SL, et al. Body Composition, Dietary, and Gustatory Function Assessment in People With Alzheimer's Disease. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2018;33(8):508-515. doi:10.1177/1533317518782173
6. de Groot CP, van den Broek T, van Staveren W. Energy intake and micronutrient intake in elderly Europeans: seeking the minimum requirement in the SENECA study. Age Ageing. 1999;28(5):469-474. doi:10.1093/ageing/28.5.469
7. Studnicki M, Dębski KJ, Stępkowski D. Proportions of macronutrients, including specific dietary fats, in prospective anti-Alzheimer's diet. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):20143. Published 2019 Dec 27. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56687-2
8. Yeh TS, Yuan C, Ascherio A, Rosner BA, Blacker D, Willett WC. Long-term dietary protein intake and subjective cognitive decline in US men and women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022;115(1):199-210. doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab236
9. Cova I, Clerici F, Maggiore L, et al. Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2016;41(3-4):172-180. doi:10.1159/000444216
10. Steinbach S, Hundt W, Vaitl A, et al. Taste in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol. 2010;257(2):238-246. doi:10.1007/s00415-009-5300-6
11. Varadarajan S, Yatin S, Aksenova M, Butterfield DA. Review: Alzheimer's amyloid beta-peptide-associated free radical oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. J Struct Biol. 2000;130(2-3):184-208. doi:10.1006/jsbi.2000.4274
12. Tangney CC. DASH and Mediterranean-type Dietary Patterns to Maintain Cognitive Health. Curr Nutr Rep. 2014;3(1):51-61. doi:10.1007/s13668-013-0070-2
13. Solfrizzi V, Panza F, Frisardi V, et al. Diet and Alzheimer's disease risk factors or prevention: the current evidence. Expert Rev Neurother. 2011;11(5):677-708. doi:10.1586/ern.11.56
14. Singh B, Parsaik AK, Mielke MM, et al. Association of mediterranean diet with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Alzheimers Dis. 2014;39(2):271-282. doi:10.3233/JAD-130830
15. Tolosa E, Garrido A, Scholz SW, Poewe W. Challenges in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(5):385-397. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00030-2
16. Knight E, Geetha T, Burnett D, Babu JR. The Role of Diet and Dietary Patterns in Parkinson's Disease. Nutrients. 2022;14(21):4472. Published 2022 Oct 25. doi:10.3390/nu14214472
17. Yong VW, Tan YJ, Ng YD, et al. Progressive and accelerated weight and body fat loss in Parkinson's disease: A three-year prospective longitudinal study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2020;77:28-35. doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.015
18. Yang T, Zhan Z, Zhang L, et al. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Patients With Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol. 2020;11:533731. Published 2020 Dec 10. doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.533731
19. Mischley LK, Lau RC, Bennett RD. Role of Diet and Nutritional Supplements in Parkinson's Disease Progression. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:6405278. doi:10.1155/2017/6405278
20. Hughes KC, Gao X, Kim IY, et al. Intake of dairy foods and risk of Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2017;89(1):46-52. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004057
21. Agarwal P, Wang Y, Buchman AS, Holland TM, Bennett DA, Morris MC. MIND Diet Associated with Reduced Incidence and Delayed Progression of ParkinsonismA in Old Age. J Nutr Health Aging. 2018;22(10):1211-1215. doi:10.1007/s12603-018-1094-5
22. Gao X, Cassidy A, Schwarzschild MA, Rimm EB, Ascherio A. Habitual intake of dietary flavonoids and risk of Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2012;78(15):1138-1145. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31824f7fc4
23. Gao X, Chen H, Fung TT, et al. Prospective study of dietary pattern and risk of Parkinson disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86(5):1486-1494. doi:10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1486
24. Alcalay RN, Gu Y, Mejia-Santana H, Cote L, Marder KS, Scarmeas N. The association between Mediterranean diet adherence and Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2012;27(6):771-774. doi:10.1002/mds.24918
25. Feldman EL, Goutman SA, Petri S, et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lancet. 2022;400(10360):1363-1380. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01272-7
26. Phillips MCL, Johnston SE, Simpson P, Chang DK, Mather D, Dick RJ. Time-restricted ketogenic diet in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case study. Front Neurol. 2024;14:1329541. Published 2024 Jan 18. doi:10.3389/fneur.2023.1329541
27. Zhao Z, Lange DJ, Voustianiouk A, et al. A ketogenic diet as a potential novel therapeutic intervention in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. BMC Neurosci. 2006;7:29. Published 2006 Apr 3. doi:10.1186/1471-2202-7-29
28. D'Antona S, Caramenti M, Porro D, Castiglioni I, Cava C. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Diet Review. Foods. 2021;10(12):3128. Published 2021 Dec 17. doi:10.3390/foods10123128
29. Pape, J A, and J H Grose. “The effects of diet and sex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.” Revue neurologique vol. 176,5 (2020): 301-315. doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2019.09.008
30. Breijyeh, Zeinab, and Rafik Karaman. “Comprehensive Review on Alzheimer's Disease: Causes and Treatment.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 25,24 5789. 8 Dec. 2020, doi:10.3390/molecules25245789
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Joanna Wąsik, Wojciech Kurkiewicz; Oskar Woźniak; Jowita Mikulska, Kacper Gryboś, Mikołaj Lewandowski, Weronika Sepioło, Julia Kiełbratowska, Zofia Kwiatkowska

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 75
Number of citations: 0