A Review of The Impact of Coach Authority on Sports Emotions and Behavioral Responses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2024.34.56170Keywords
Dual authoritarian leadership, Training and guidance, Coach-player relationship, Lazarus emotion theory, Sports emotionsAbstract
Most athletes have experienced negative anger when facing coach authority, but coach authority may also evoke positive emotions in athletes, as coach authority contains two layers of connotations: authoritarianism and strictness. This study explores the relationship between coach authority and athlete's emotional and behavioral tendencies based on Lazarus's emotional theory, elucidates the emotional changes of athletes facing coach authority, summarizes the theoretical framework and possible development process of coach authority and athlete's emotional and behavioral tendencies, and provides important references for the training skills and team management of sports coaches.
References
Hiller NJ，Sin HP，Ponnapalli AR，& Ozgen S. (2019). Benevolence and authority as WEIRDly unfamiliar: A multi-language meta-analysis of paternalistic leadership behaviors from 152 studies. LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY, 30(1), 165-184. DOI:10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.11.003
Organista N (2020). "The Top is Always Reserved for Men": Gendering of Leadership Positions in Polish Sports Federations. POLISH SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW, 212, 497-516. DOI: 10.26412/psr212.07
Kerr G, Battaglia A, Stirling A, & Bandealy A. (2020). Examining Coaches' Perspectives on the Use of Exercise as Punishment. INTERNATIONAL SPORT COACHING JOURNAL, 7（3），306-316. DOI:10.1123/iscj.2018-0100
Wanru Z, Boxun Z, & Yuhui L. (2014). Authoritarian leadership: concept origin, current situation review, and future direction. Chinese Journal of Psychology, 56(2)，165-189. DOI: 10.6129/CJP.20140103
WeiCheng P, ChiHao K, PoLun L, & SanFu K. (2022). Relationships Between Coach's Dual-Dimensional Authoritarian Leadership and Athletes' Mental Toughness: The Mediation Effect of Cognitive and Affective Trust. College Sports Journal, 24(4), P481 – 494. DOI: 10.5297/ser.202212_24(4).0004
YuHung C, WanJu C, TeHsien C, & BorShiuan C. (2019). Does Authoritarian Leadership Lead to Bad Outcomes? A Contingency Perspective. Chinese Journal of Psychology, 61(2), 97 – 129. DOI: 10.6129/CJP.201906_61(2).0002
Cheng YH, Chou WJ, Kao SF, & Chou TH. (2021). Challenge athletes to improve their self-worth: A serial mediation model linking dual controlling behaviors to sport performance. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 56, 102014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102014
Barcza-Renner K, Eklund RC, Morin AJ, & Habeeb CM. (2016). Controlling coaching behaviors and athlete burnout: Investigating the mediating roles of perfectionism and motivation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 38(1), 30-44. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2015-0059
Stein, J., Bloom, G. A., & Sabiston, C. M. (2012). Influence of perceived and preferred coach feedback on youth athletes' perceptions of team motivational climate. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(4), 484-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.02.004
SanFu K, ChengTa L, & CheneTang Y. (2013). Paternalistic Leadership Behaviors and Trust-In-Coach: The Cross Level Moderating Effects of Team Values. Journal of Sports, 46(4), 393- 405.DOI:10.6222/pej.4604.201312.1308
SanFu K, WeiCheng P, PoLun L, ChiHao K, Robert J.S, & ChungChiang C. (2021). Reflection on coaches using corporal punishment as an intervention in teaching practical research: Examining the change of Chinese leadership and motivational climate. Journal of Sports, 54(3)，P225-242. DOI:10.6222/pej.202109_54(3).0003
Daniels K. (2001). Stress and emotion: A new synthesis. HUMAN RELATIONS, 54(6), 792-804. DOI:10.1177/0018726701546006
Lazarus RS. (2000). How emotions influence performance in competitive sports. The Sport Psychologist, 14(3), 229-252. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.14.3.229
Jones M, Meijen C, McCarthy PJ, & Sheffield D. (2009). A theory of challenge and threat states in athletes. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2(2), 161-180. Doi:10.1080/17509840902829331
Meijen C, Turner M, Jones MV, Sheffield D, & McCarthy P. (2020). A theory of challenge and threat states in athletes: A revised conceptualization. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 126-143. Doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00126
Uphill MA, & Jones MV. (2007). Antecedents of emotions in elite athletes: A cognitive motivational relational theory perspective. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 78(2), 79-89. Doi:10.5641/193250307X13082490460508
Lazarus RS. (2000). Toward better research on stress and coping. AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST, 55(6), 665-673.
DOI:10.1037//0003-066X.55.6.665
Lazarus RS. (2003). The Lazarus manifesto for positive psychology and psychology in general. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY, 14(2), 173-189. DOI: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1402_04
Doyle FL, Dodd HF, Morris TM, Lazarus RS, Byrow Y, & Hudson JL. (2021). Targeting risk factors for inhibited preschool children: An anxiety prevention program. BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY,147. DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2021.103982
Hanafiah MH, Abd Hamid M, & Muttaqim H.(2021). Exploring Aceh Tsunami Museum Visitors' Motivation, Experience and Emotional Reaction. CURATOR-THE MUSEUM JOURNAL,64(4),613-631.DOI:10.1111/cura.12444
Ma-Kellams C, & Wu MST (2020). Gender, behavioral inhibition/activation, and emotional reactions to negative natural and social events. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, 157. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.109809
Lazarus RS. (2006). Emotions and interpersonal relationships: Toward a person-centered conceptualization of emotions and coping. JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, 74(1), 9-46. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00368.x
Lazarus RS. (1993) . From Psychological Stress to the Emotions-A History of Changing Outlooks . Annual Review of Psychology. 44,1-21. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ps.44.020193.000245
Robazza C, Moran M, Bortoli L, & Ruiz MC. (2021). Perceived motivational climate influences athletes' emotion regulation strategies, emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE, 59. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102110
Guoxiong Z, & Junhong L. (2006). Using Lazarus's cognitive motivational related emotion theory to examine emotional transitions in sports situations, College Sports, 84,120-128. DOI: 10.6162/SRR.2006.84.19
Cruz AFL (2020). Emotion Management as an Important Topic for Athletes in Competition. FORO EDUCACIONAL, 35,103-119. DOI: 10.29344/07180772.35.2652
Levillain G, Martinent G, Vacher P, & Nicolas M. (2022). Longitudinal trajectories of emotions among athletes in sports competitions: Does emotional intelligence matter? PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE, 58. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102012
Uphill MA, & Jones MV. (2012). The consequences and control of emotions in elite Athletes. In J. Thatcher., M., Jones, & D. Lavallee (Eds.), Coping and Emotion in Sport (2nd ed., pp. 213-235). Routledge.
Öz O，Erdem M，Yücel M，Durukan I，Akgün H，Ulas ÜH，et al. (2011). Evaluation of Anger, Anger Expression Style and Mood Profile in Tension-Type Headache. NOROPSIKIYATRI ARSIVI-ARCHIVES OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY, 48(3),171-174. DOI:10.4274/Npa.Y5744
Xiao SX, Spinrad TL, & Eisenberg N. (2019). Longitudinal relations of preschoolers' dispositional and situational anger to their prosocial behavior: The moderating role of shyness. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, 28(2), 383-397. DOI: 10.1111/sode.12346
Ranney RM, Behar E, & Yamasaki AS.(2020). Affect variability and emotional reactivity in generalized anxiety disorder. JOURNAL OF BEHAVIOR THERAPY AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHIATRY,68. DOI:10.1016/j.jbtep.2019.101542
Wangelin BC, Bradley MM, Kastner A, & Lang PJ.(2012). Affective engagement for facial expressions and emotional scenes: The influence of social anxiety. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY,91(1),103-110. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.05.002
Mussatayeva MS, & Kotlyarova IV.(2022). Modeling emotional concepts: Anguish, sadness, sorrow, grief. VESTNIK TOMSKOGO GOSUDARSTVENNOGO UNIVERSITETA FILOLOGIYA-TOMSK STATE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY,75,94-119. DOI:10.17223/19986645/75/5
Day K.(2023). Sorrow, masculinity and papal authority in the writing of Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) and his curia. JOURNAL OF MEDIEVAL HISTORY.49(2),201-226. DOI:10.1080/03044181.2023.2188604
Gilchrist JD, Sabiston CM, Conroy DE, & Atkinson M.(2018). Authentic pride regulates runners' training progress. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE, 38,10-16. DOI:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.05.007
Bureau JS, Vallerand RJ, Ntoumanis N, & Lafrenière MAK.(2013). On passion and moral behavior in achievement settings: The mediating role of pride. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION, 37(1),121-133. DOI:10.1007/s11031-012-9292-7
Al Suwaidi EYM, Al-shami SA, & Akmal S. (2020). Applying Structural Equation Model to develop A New Model of Happiness at the Workplace in Promoting Employee Happiness in Public Organization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NONLINEAR ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS, 11(311-320), Special IssueSI. DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2020.4605
Woodman T, Davis PA, Hardy L, Callow N, Glasscock I, & Yuill-Proctor J. (2009). Emotions and Sport Performance: An Exploration of Happiness, Hope, and Anger. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY, 31(2), 169-188. DOI: 10.1123/jsep.31.2.169
Moreno-Murcia JA, Hernández EH, Marín LC, & Nuñez JL. (2019). Coaches' Motivational Style and Athletes' Fear of Failure (provided by Clarivate) .INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH, 16(9). DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091563
Correia Marco, Rosado António, & Serpa Sidónio. (2016). Fear of Failure in Sport: A Portuguese Cross-cultural Adaptation. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 22(4), 376-382. DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201600040024
Dasborough, M. T. (2006). Cognitive asymmetry in employee emotional reactions to leadership behaviors. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(2), 163-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.12.004
Gooty, J., Connelly, S., Griffith, J., & Gupta, A. (2010). Leadership, affect and emotions: A state of the science review. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(6), 979-1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.10.005
Tse, H. H. M., Troth, A. C., Ashkanasy, N. M., & Collins, A. L. (2018). Affect and leader-member exchange in the new millennium: A state-of-art review and guiding framework. The Leadership Quarterly, 29(1), 135-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2017.10.002
TsungYu W，& BorShiuan C. (2003). Emotion Studies in Organizations in Taiwan: A Critical Review. Applied Psychology Research, 19，137-173.
Martins, A., Ramalho, N., & Morin, E. (2010). A comprehensive meta-analysis of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(6), 554-564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.05.029
Mayer, J. D., Roberts, R. D., & Barsade, S. G. (2008). Human abilities: Emotional intelligence. Annual review of Psychology, 59(1), 507-536. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093646
Beal, D. J., Trougakos, J. P., Weiss, H. M., & Green, S. G. (2006). Episodic processes in emotional labor: Perceptions of affective delivery and regulation strategies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(5), 1053. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.5.1053
Baysak B, & Bilgetürk M. (2021) . A Thematic Analysis of Paternalistic Leadership. ASR CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES, 8(2). DOI: 10.12982/CMUJASR.2021.010
Jinzhe X, Jihao G, Bolun L, Zhongqiang C, Jiarong L, & Sanfu G. (2023)。The Authoritative Leadership of Coaches and the Emotions and Behaviors of Athletes: A Perspective on Cognitive Assessment of Athletes。Journal of Chiao Da Physical Education，19, 56-72. DOI:10.6462/JCDPE
Yuhong Z, Wanru Z, Dexian Z, & Boxun Z. (2019). Coach authoritarian leadership is definitely not good? The proposal and validation of a contingency concept, Chinese Journal of Psychology，61(2), 97-130. DOI:10.6129/CJP.201906_61(2).0002
SanFu K，PoLun L，& MingHua S. (2016). Coach's Leadership Authority, Physical Punishment, Discipline, and Blaming: Reflections on Zero Physical Punishment. Chinese Sports Quarterly，30(3), 229-235. DOI： 10.3966/102473002016093003009
Saville PD，& Bray SR. (2016). Athletes' Perceptions of Coaching Behavior, Relation-Inferred Self-Efficacy (RISE), and Self-Efficacy in Youth Sport. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SPORT PSYCHOLOGY, 28(1), 1-13. DOI: 10.1080/10413200.2015.1052890
Jackson, B., Beauchamp, M. R., & Dimmock, J. A. (2020). Efficacy beliefs in physical activity settings: Contemporary debate and unanswered questions. In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (4th ed., pp. 57-80). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119568124.ch4
Shumaker, S. A., & Brownell, A. (1984). Toward a theory of social support: Closing conceptual gaps. Journal of Social Issues, 40(4), 11-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1984.tb01105.x
Bianco, T., & Eklund, R. C. (2001). Conceptual considerations for social support research in sport and exercise settings: The case of sport injury. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 23(2), 85-107. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.23.2.85
Freeman P. (2020) Social support in sport. In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (4th ed., pp. 447463). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119568124.ch21
Li S, & Li J. (2021). Fostering trust: Authoritarian, benevolent, and moral paternalistic leadership styles and the coach-athlete relationship. SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY. 49(12). DOI:10.2224/sbp.10452
Grego-Planer D. (2022). The Relationship Between Benevolent Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. PROBLEMY ZARZADZANIA-MANAGEMENT ISSUES,
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Tingran Zhang, Mufan Zhang, Yi Yang, Jiong Luo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 10
Number of citations: 0
