The role of vitamin D in selected autoimmune diseases - review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2024.20.54077Keywords
vitamin D, autoimmune diseases, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, celiac diseaseAbstract
Introduction and purpose: Vitamin D is a micronutrient whose main role in the human body is to ensure proper calcium-phosphate balance and adequate bone metabolism, having an effect on the immune system, also exhibiting a number of other actions, in particular anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects, so that its deficiency is reflected in a number of autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the literature for the role of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, autoimmune thyroiditis, inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease.
Materials and methods: a thorough analysis of the medical literature available in the PubMed database was performed.
Current state of knowledge: The main role of vitamin D in the human body is to ensure calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and, influence adequate bone metabolism. Vitamin D receptors (VDR), are present in many tissues such as brain, prostate, pancreas, breast, colon and immune cells, suggesting that vitamin D also has extra-skeletal functions and a link to autoimmune diseases.
Summary: Low serum vitamin D levels may increase the risk of immune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune thyroid diseases, celiac disease and inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Dobromiła Osuch, Dominika Opala, Izabela Staszczyk, Aleksandra Drabik, Dominika Szczotka, Antonina Szemplińska, Klaudia Błachnio, Agnieszka Anderska
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