Workouts tailored for idiopathic scoliosis - a review

Abstract

Introduction and purpose

Idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional, structural deformity (curvature) of the spine and torso, occurring in 1-3% of children, most commonly between the ages of 10 and 16 (often noted during adolescence and rapid growth). It is significantly more prevalent in girls, and its cause remains unknown. Untreated scoliosis typically progresses, leading to postural abnormalities, abnormal breathing patterns, pain syndromes, and a reduced quality of life for the patient. The aim of our study was to present scoliosis-specific exercises that can halt and potentially reverse the spinal curvature angle.

Materials and methods

The literature included in the PubMed databases is searched through the words such as scoliosis, idiopathic scoliosis, physiotherapy and exercises.

Description of the state of knowledge:

The literature review shows the breadth of the issue. Physiotherapeutic exercises specific to scoliosis is conducted for therapeutic objectives, with the aim of reducing deformity and slowing its advancement. Moreover, it seeks to maintain the achieved enhancement, ultimately striving to minimize reliance on corrective devices or surgical procedures. In each case, the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis involves the application of exercises based on specific physiotherapy methods for scoliosis, such as the Schroth Method, Lyon Method, and others. Exercises are individually tailored to the size and shape of the curvature as well as the patient’s capabilities. Their aim is three-dimensional correction of the deformity, stabilization of the corrected posture, and maintaining it during daily activities.

Conclusions

The objectives of physiotherapy include halting the progression of curvature during adolescence, preventing respiratory dysfunction, preventing and treating spinal pain syndromes, and importantly, improving aesthetics through postural correction.