Fitochemiczny fenomen – kwas rozmarynowy i jego potencjał
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/KOSMOS.2025.025Słowa kluczowe
kultury roślinne in vitro, kwas rozmarynowy, medycyna, polifenole, przemysł spożywczy, rolnictwoAbstrakt
Kwas rozmarynowy (KR) jest naturalnym polifenolem obecnym w wielu roślinach z rodziny jasnotowatych (Lamiaceae), takich jak rozmaryn, szałwia, melisa czy mięta. Dzięki swojej złożonej strukturze chemicznej wykazuje szerokie spektrum działania biologicznego. W artykule przedstawiono przegląd literatury dotyczącej zastosowań KR w medycynie, kosmetyce oraz innych dziedzinach, w tym przemysłowych. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono jego właściwościom przeciwzapalnym, przeciwutleniającym, neuroprotekcyjnym, przeciwnowotworowym, przeciwbakteryjnym i immunomodulującym. Pokazano potencjalne zastosowanie KR w medycynie (terapie wielu chorób), w kosmetologii (zastosowanie w pielęgnacji skóry oraz w ochronie przeciwsłonecznej), w przemyśle spożywczym (naturalny konserwant) i w rolnictwie (biopestycyd i biostymulator). Artykuł omawia również nowoczesne metody biotechnologicznej produkcji KR, w tym kultury komórkowe, korzenie transformowane oraz biosyntezę mikrobiologiczną. Wyniki badań przedklinicznych są bardzo obiecujące, jednak potrzeba dalszych badań nad skutecznością i bezpieczeństwem stosowania KR u ludzi. Związek ten ma potencjał, by stać się ważnym składnikiem terapii wspomagających, suplementów diety, kosmetyków i ekologicznych środków ochrony roślin.
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