BEHAVIORAL BIASES AND PORTFOLIO STRATEGIES: ANALYZING THE IMPACT ON INVESTOR DECISION MAKING IN THE NEPALESE STOCK MARKET
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2023.005Keywords
behavioral biases, portfolio investors, portfolio strategies, decision makingAbstract
Our paper explored the impact of demographic variables on the manifestation of behavioral biases among Nepalese portfolio investors as they make investment decisions. Our research analyzed the relationship between age, gender, and experience, and five common biases such as overconfidence, anchoring, herding, loss aversion, and hindsight. Our survey of 132 investors revealed that demographic factors play a role in the presence of these biases, with female investors exhibiting higher overconfidence and anchoring biases, while male investors displayed loss aversion, herding, and hindsight biases. Younger investors were found to be more overconfident and prone to loss aversion, whereas more experienced investor demonstrated greater overconfidence in their analysis skills. This paper provides crucial insight into the importance of considering demographic factors in addressing investment decision-making biases. It’s worth noting that the responses and sample location may not be fully representative.
References
Adhikari, P. (2010). Investment behavior of Nepalese investors. PYC Nepal Journal of Management, 3(1), 47-58.
Ady, S.U. (2018). The cognitive and Psychological Bias in Investment Decision Making Behavior: Evidence from Indonesian Investor’s Behavior. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 10(1), 86-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i1(J).2092.
Alwahaibi, S.S.O. (2019). Is Demographic Information Influence Risk Tolerance/Aversion in Investment Decision? Evidences from Literature Review. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 9 (1), 111- 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARAFMS/v9-i1/5825.
Bakar, S., & Yi, C.N.A. (2015). The impact of psychological factors on investors’ decision making in Malaysian stock market: A case of Klang valley and Pahang. Procedia Economics and Finance, 35(2016), 319–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)00040-X.
Bashir, T., Azam, N., Butt, A.A., Javed, A., & Tanvir, A. (2013). Are behavioral biases influenced by demographic characteristics & personality traits? Evidence from Pakistan. European Scientific Journal, 9(29), 227- 293.
Calzadilla, J.F., Bordonado-Bermejo, M.J., & González-Rodrigo, E. (2021). A systemati creview of ordinary people, behavioural financial biases. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 34(1), 2767-2789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2020.1839526.
Chin,A.L.L.(2012).The relationship between psychological biases and thed ecision making of investors in Malaysian share market. International Conference on Management, Economics & Finance (ICMEF 2012) Proceeding (429–449). Malaysia: Publisher.
Dhar, R., & Zhu, N. (2006). Up close and personal: An individual level analysis of the disposition effect. Management Science, 52(5), 726-740.
Dhungana, B.R., Bhandari, S., Ojha, D., & Sharma, L.K. (2022). Effect of Cognitive Biases on Investment Decision Making: A Case of Pokhara Valley, Nepal. Quest Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 4(1), 69-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/qjmss.v4i1.45868.
Fama, E.F. (1998). Market efficiency, long-term returns, and behavioral finance. Journal of Financial Economics, 49(3), 283–306.
Gitman, L.J., & Joehnk, M. D. (2008). Fundamentals of investing (10th edition). Boston: Pearson Education Inc.
Gloede, O., & Menkhoff, L. (2011). Financial professionals’ overconfidence: Isitexperience ,function, or attitude? http://diskussionspapiere.wiwi.uni- hannover.de/pdf_bib/dp-428.pdf (accessed: 21.01.2023).
Jain, J., Walia, N., Kaur, M., & Singh, S. (2022). Behavioural biases affecting investors’ decision-making process: a scale development approach. Management Research Review ,45(8), 1079-1098.https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-02-2021-0139.
Jaiswal, B., & Kamil, N. (2012). Gender, behavioral finance and the investment decision. Research Journal of Institute of Business administration (IBM) Karachi- Pakistan, 7(2), 8-22.
Jamshidinavid, B., Chavoshani, C., & Amiri, S. (2012). The impact of demographic andp sychological characteristics on the investment prejudices in Tehran stock. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 1(5), 41-53.
Jordan, B.D., Miller, T.W., & Dolvin, S.D. (2012). Fundamentals of investments: Valuation and management (6th edition). New York: McGraw- Hill.
Kahneman, D., & Riepe, M.M. (1998). Aspects of investor psychology: beliefs, preferences and biases investment advisors should know about. Journal of Portfolio Management, 24(4), 52-65.
Kanojia, S., Singh, D., & Goswami, A. (2022). Impact of herding on the returns in the Indian stock market: an empirical study. Review of Behavioral Finance, 14(1), 115-129. https://doi.org/10.1108/RBF-01-2020-0017.
Kartini, K., & Nahda, K. (2021). Behavioral biases on investment decision: A case study in Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(3), 1231-1240. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no3.1231.
Kengatharan, L., & Kengatharan, N. (2014). The influence of behavioral factors in making investment decisions and performance: Study on investors of Colombo Stock Exchange, Sri Lanka. Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting, 6(1), 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ajfa.v6i1.4893.
Lee, K., Miller, S., Velasquez, N., & Wann, C. (2013). The effect of investor bias and gender on portfolio performance and risk. The International Journal of Business and Finance Research, 7(1), 1-16.
Lee, Y.J., Wang, G.L., Kao, K.S., Chen, C.Y., & Zhu, F.P. (2010). The investment behavior, decision factors and their effects toward investment performance in the Taiwan stock market. Journal of Global Business Management, 6(2), 1-12.
Levišauskaitė, K., & Kartašova, J. (2011). Evaluation of irrational individual investors’ behavior driving factors in Lithuania. Applied Economics: Systematic Research, 5(2),119-130.
Lin, H. W. (2011). Elucidating the influence of demographics and psychological traits on investment biases. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 5(5),424- 429.
Murithi, D.K. (2014). The effect of anchoring on investment decision making by individual investors in Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Nairobi. http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/bitstream/handle/1129/7772/Murithi_The%20effect%20of%20anchoring%20on%20investment%20decision%20making%20by%20individual%20investors%20in%20Kenya(1).pdf?sequence=3 (accessed: 12.01.2023).
Onsomu, Z.N. (2014). The impact of behavioral biases on investor decisions in Kenya: Male VS Female. International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature, 2(6), 87-92.
Onsomu, Z.N. (2015).Effect of age on investor decisions. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 4(12), 120-123.
Pompian, M.M. (2006). Behavioral finance and wealth management. USA: John Wiley & Sons.
Qadri, S.U., & Shabbir, M. (2014). An empirical study of overconfidence and illusion of control biases, impact on investors’ decision making: An evidence from ISE. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(14), 38-44.
Roscoe, J. T. (1975). Fundamental research statistics for the behavioral sciences (2nd edition). New York
Rostami, M., & Dehaghani, Z.A. (2015). Impact of behavioral biases (over confidence, ambiguity – aversion and loss-aversion) on investment making decision in Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of Scientific Research and Development, 2(4), 60-64.
Sewell, M. (2007). Behavioral Finance. University of Cambridge, revised (2010) http://www.behaviouralfinance.net/behavioural-finance.pdf (accessed: 19.12.2022).
Shefrin, H. (1998). Beyond greed and fear: Emotions and risk. Harvard Business School Press.
Shefrin, H. (2007). Behavioral corporate finance. Decisions that create value. New York: McGraw- Hill.
Shusha, A.A., & Touny, A.M. (2016). The attitudinal determinants of adopting the herd behavior: An applied study on the Egyptian exchange. Journal of Finance and Investment Analysis, 5(1), 55-69.
Statman, M. (1999). Behavioral finance: Past battles and future engagements. Financial Analysis Journal, 55(6), 18-27.
Subash, R. (2012). Role of behavioral finance in portfolio investment decisions: Evidence from India. Institute of Economic Studies, Charles University, Prague.
Sukanya, R., & Thimmarayappa, R.(2015).Impact of behavioral biases in portfolio investment decision making process. International Journal of Commerce, Business and Management (IJCBM), 4(4), 2319–2828.
Tripathy, C.K. (2014). Role of psychological biases in the cognitive decision making process of individual investors. Orissa Journal of Commerce, 34(1), 69-80.
Wamae, J.N. (2013). Behavioral factors influencing investment decision in stock market :A survey of investment banks in Kenya. International Journal of Social Sciences and Entrepreneurship, 1(6), 68-83.
Willows, G., & West, D. (2015). Differential investment performance in South Africa based on gender and age. International Business & Economics Research Journal,14(3), 537- 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v14i3.9215.
Zaidi, F.B., & Tauni, M.Z. (2012). Influence of investor’s personality traits and demographics on overconfidence bias. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 4(6), 730- 746.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 328
Number of citations: 0