Utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Criminal Justice and Policing

Abstract

The use of AI in criminal justice and policing has significantly increased in EU countries. AI tools are being used in various phases of a criminal case, from police tasks to those of judges. While the use of AI in criminal justice is impressive in certain areas, it poses serious challenges and concerns, including potential violations of fundamental rights. This paper examines the risks of using AI in criminal justice, addresses the current use of some AI systems, and explores how the legal framework within the EU regulates its use, including EU directive 2016/680 and the projected AI Act.