Journal of Education, Health and Sport

In recent decades, the consumption of fats, especially animal fats, has increased significantly. It has been established that high-fat nutrition leads not only to the development of obesity, liver steatosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, but also underlies the pathogenesis of dysbiotic syndrome. The latter is the main pathogenetic mechanism of the most widespread noncommunicable diseases.

It has been established that the biological effect of various dietary fats largely depends on their fatty acid composition and, in particular, on the content of saturated fatty acids, especially palmitic acid. It was shown that triglycerides containing palmitic acid are difficult to hydrolyze by lipase of lipoproteins, which complicates their utilization by tissues.

The authors studied the effect of dietary fats with different fatty acid composition on the condition of the mucous membrane of the colon of rats.

The inflammatory process in the colon mucosa (colitis) develops only after consuming butter and palm oil. Partially, it is increased after the consumption of ordinary sunflower oil (the level of only one marker increases - MA).

The development of colitis is inversely related to the degree of decrease in the antioxidant-prooxidant API index. Thus, the consumption of palm oil causes the strongest decrease in the API index and the highest increase in the level of inflammation markers.

Levitsky A. P. The pathophysiology of high-fat diet and ways to prevent its complications. Biulleten XVII chtenii im. V. V. Podvysotskogo. Odessa, 2018: 120-124.

Kornienko E. A., Netrebenko O. K. Obesity and intestinal microbiota: the modern concept of the relationship. Pediatriya. 2012; 91(2): 110-122.

Erridge C., Attina T., Spickett C. M. [et al.]. A high-fat meal induces low-grade endotoxemia: evidence of a novel mechanism of postprandial inflammation. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2007; 86: 1286-1292.

Cani P. D., Amar J., Iglesias M. A. [et al.]. Metabolic endotexemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2007; 56: 1761-1772.

Velichko V. I, Tkachuk V. V., Levitsky A. P. Развитие дисбиоза в тканях крыс, получавших высокожировой рацион= Development of dysbiosis in tissues of rats fed with a high fat food. Journal of Health Sciences. 2014; 4(12): 84-92.

Kau A. L., Ahern P. P., Griffin N. W. [et al.]. Human nutrition, the gut microbiome and the immune system. Nature. 2011; 474: 327-336.

Avdeeva M. G., Shubich M. G. The pathogenic mechanisms of initiation of syndrome of system inflammatory response (literary review). Klinicheskaia laboratornaia diagnostika. 2003; 6: 3-10.

Levitsky A. P., Levchenko E. M., Konkin S. I. Hyperlipidemic and prodysbiosis action of butter. Aktualnye problemy transportnoi meditsiny. 2014; 2(38-II)(4): 127-131.

Levitsky A. P., Khodakov I. V., Levchenko E. M. Influence of high fat diets with different composition of fatty acids on the content of essential fatty acids in liver lipids.Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015; 5(12): 598-607.

Titov V. N. Excess palmitic fatty acid in food is the main cause of lipidosis of insulin-dependent cells: skeletal myocytes, cardiomyocytes, pediportal hepatocytes, Kupffer macrophages and pancreatic β-cells. Klinicheskaya laboratornaya diagnostika. 2016; 61(2): 68-77.

Levitsky A. P., Makarenko O. A., Khodakov I. V. Metody issledovaniya zhirov i masel [Methods to investigate fats and oils]. Odessa: KP OGT, 2015: 32.

Levitsky A. P., Denga O. V., Makarenko O. A. i dr. Biokhimicheskie markery vospaleniya tkaney rotovoy polosti: metodicheskie rekomendatsii [Biochemical markers of inflammation of oral cavity tissue: method guidelines]. Оdеssа, KP OGT, 2010: 16.

Levitsky A. P., Stefanov A. V. Metody opredeleniya aktivnosti elastazy i eye ingibitorov: metodicheskie rekomendatsii [The methods of the determination of the activity of elastase and its inhibitors: method guidelines]. Kiev, GFK, 2002:15.

Stalnaya I. D., Garishvili T. G. Metod opredeleniya malonovogo dialdegida s pomoshchyu tiobarbiturovoy kisloty [The method of revelation of malonic dialdehyde with thiobarbituric acid]. Moskva, Meditsina, 1977: 66-68.

Girin S. V. The modification of the method of the determination of catalase activity in biological substrates. Laboratornaya diagnostika. 1999; 4: 45-46.

Gavrikova L. M., Segen I. T. Urease activity of oral liquid in patients with acute odontogenic infection of maxillo-facial part. Stomatologiya. 1996; The extra issue: 49-50.

Levitsky A. P. Lizotsym vmesto antibiotikov [Lysozyme instead of antibiotics]. Оdеssа, KP OGT, 2005: 74.

Levitsky A. P., Makarenko O. A., Selivanskaya I. A. i dr. Fermentativnyy metod opredeleniya disbioza polosti rta dlya skrininga pro- i prebiotikov: metodicheskie rekomendatsii [Enzymatic methods for determination of oral dysbiosis for screening pro- and prebiotics: method guidelines]. Кiev, GFC, 2007: 23.

Truhacheva N. V. Matematicheskaja statistika v mediko-biologicheskih issledovanijah s primeneniem paketa Statistica [Mathematical Statistics in biomedical research using application package Statistica]. Moskva, GJeOTAR-Media, 2012: 379.