Journal of Positive Management
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM
Journal of Positive Management is committed to integrating both scholars and practitioners around the positive approach to organizations and management.Nicolaus Copernicus Universityen-USJournal of Positive Management2083-103X<h2 class="art-postheader">Copyright</h2><p>Articles submitted to the journal should not have been published before in their current or substantially similar form, or be under consideration for publication with another journal. Authors submitting articles for publication warrant that the work is not an infringement of any existing copyright and will indemnify the publisher against any breach of such warranty. For ease of dissemination and to ensure proper policing of use, papers and contributions become the legal copyright of the publisher unless otherwise agreed.</p><h2 class="art-postheader">Plagiarism and ghostwriting</h2><div class="art-article"><p>In response to the issue of plagiarism and ghostwriting the editors of the Journal of Positive Management has introduced the following rules to counteract these phenomena:</p><p>1. Contributors should be aware of their responsibility for a content of manuscripts.</p><p>2. Collective authors are obliged to reveal the contribution and an affiliation of each author (i.e. who is an author of specified part of a paper).</p><p>3. Any act of dishonesty will be denounced, the editors will inform appropriate institutions about the situation and give evidence of all cases of misconduct and unethical behaviour.</p><p>4. The editors may ask contributors for financial disclosure (i.e. contribution of specified institutions).</p></div>Agile Management Of Sustainable Development - Circular Economy
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM/article/view/40801
<p>Purpose: The goal of the article is to create a model whose management method will take into<br />account individual needs (client, entrepreneur), implementing the standards of global economic<br />sustainability. The created model allows defining the Sustainable Development Goals in terms of<br />the environmental dimension of the circular economy.<br />Methodology/Approach: For article purpose, circular economy was used as a method improving<br />the chances of achieving the goals of sustainable development. The statistical significance of the<br />variables were checked for obtain data. In addition, this process was supported by the Deming cycle<br />in order to be able to respond to changes using the agility methodology.<br />Findings: The results of the research allowed to identify the most important (SDGs), which, when<br />combined with the trends of the industry/sector, formed a balanced loop taking into account all<br />participants and their needs.<br /><strong>Implications/limitations:</strong> Managing a company according to global standards is a big challenge.<br />The results of an analysis of own needs (an enterprise) should correlate with the needs of stakeholders in the supply chain and with the direction of development of the industry/sector in order to support the domestic economy and be competitive on global markets.<br /><strong>Originality/value:</strong> Study explains undertaken activities for implementing process of correlation between entities which must take into account the good of the individual and, above all, of the general public.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> sustainable development, agility, circular economy, organizational improvement<br /><strong>Paper type:</strong> Research paper</p>Robert Sałek
Copyright (c) 2023 Robert Sałek
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2023-06-012023-06-0113110.12775/JPM.2022.001The Effects Of Covid-19 On The Performance Of National Teachers' Colleges In Uganda
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM/article/view/42279
<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> This study attempted to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on the performance of National Teachers’ Colleges (NTCs) supported by Enabel.<br /><strong>Methodology/approach:</strong> The study adopted a cross sectional research design. The study population consisted of staff working in the NTCs purposely or randomly selected. The self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data that was analysed using both descriptive and inferential analysis.<br /><strong>Findings:</strong> The research findings showed that programmes disruptions (r = 0.496); funding disruptions (r = .403) and capacity gap (r = .556) are moderately significant and positively associated with NTC performance respectively. Overall, the variables studied explain 33.9 percent of the variation in the organizational performance of NTCs.<br /><strong>Implications/limitations:</strong> The research findings have shown that whereas programme disruptions and capacity gaps significantly contributed to the explanation of performance in NTCs during the lockdown, funding disruptions do not. The study recommends the continued adoption of innovative approaches to realize the objective of quality teacher training and education. Research into the effects of Covid-19 on the students in NTC is recommended, as this current study did not explore the component of students.<br /><strong>Originality/value:</strong> While the effects of Covid-19 on the education sector have been studied, this has been mainly done at the primary and secondary levels of education in Uganda. This paper has attempted to investigate Covid-19 effects on NTCs supported by Enabel.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Covid-19; programme disruptions; funding disruptions; capacity gaps; organizational performance<br /><strong>Paper type:</strong> Research paper</p>James Kizza
Copyright (c) 2023 James Kizza
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2023-06-012023-06-0113110.12775/JPM.2022.002The Last Mile Concept for the Bydgoszcz Logistics Hub
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM/article/view/40139
<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose of this article is to discuss the last mile concept for the proposed Bydgoszcz Logistics Hub in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie region, and thus to present the forecast distribution of goods within the last mile from and to the Hub, and to indicate the role that it could play in the region.<br /><strong>Method:</strong> The development of the last mile concept for the Bydgoszcz Logistics Hub was based on secondary data. The first two stages of work, not discussed in this article, included case studies of 6 successfully operating foreign and domestic transhipment terminals and an analysis of the supply and demand for transport in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship. The third stage, the results of which are presented in this article, involved the identification of the most important national centres generating supply and demand for transport within a radius of 280 km from the Hub. Data, allowing to estimate the potential demand for the fright transport on the analysed routes and their costs depending on the mode of transport, came mainly from the Central Statistical Office, the Railway Transport Office, the General Board of National Roads, the National Bank of Poland and Port of Gdynia and Gdańsk Authorities.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The data show that in the period covered by the forecast (2019-2034), the most important change in the transport model of the Hub service area will be a significant increase in inland waterways transport of the Vistula River.<br /><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The forecast operation of the last mile for the Bydgoszcz Logistics Hub justifies the reloading, storage and forwarding of goods in the area of the Bydgoszcz-Toruń agglomeration. The construction of the Bydgoszcz Logistic Hub will bring improvement to the already existing road links leading to the most important logistic centres, located, on the one hand, in the Tricity seaports, on the other hand, in large economic centres in Poznań, Łódź and Warsaw.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Baltic Sea Region, combine transport, logistics hub, last mile<br /><strong>Paper type:</strong> Research paper</p>Rafał HafferŻaneta MarciniakRafał ModrzewskiJędrzej StyśLeszek Turowski
Copyright (c) 2023 Rafał Haffer, Żaneta Marciniak, Rafał Modrzewski, Jędrzej Styś, Leszek Turowski
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2023-06-012023-06-0113110.12775/JPM.2022.003Knowledge And Relational Competences In Virtual Organisations
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM/article/view/38616
<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose is to identify the impact of knowledge and building relational competences on the process of creating virtual organizations (VOs).<br /><strong>Methodology:</strong> The study included companies operating in Poland. The data was collected through personal interviews. A personal interview questionnaire was used as a research tool. The questions about the value of knowledge in VOs were constructed in a way that reflected the nature of VOs. The study was conducted in 2018.<br /><strong>Findings:</strong> The study’s findings indicate that one of the main drivers of collaboration inside a VO is the desire to learn new things through learning with partners. The growth of human resources, the exchange of experience, and the learning of new knowledge are the three most significant advantages of collaboration in a VO, in addition to the financial gains. In the process of developing a VO, relational competences are built with the use of appropriate knowledge resources, which also have an impact on the effectiveness of collaboration. Reflection on shared learning occurs in a company’s future relationships with the environment. The competitive position is improved through expanded knowledge resources and improved relational competencies. The greatest enabling and restricting factors for the creation of VOs are knowledge and experience, respectively.<br /><strong>Originality/value:</strong> The study’s empirical findings support the idea that having access to the right knowledge resources is essential for developing relational competences throughout the virtual organization of economic activity.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> virtual organisation, knowledge, cooperation, relational competences<br /><strong>Paper type:</strong> Research paper</p>Urszula Słupska
Copyright (c) 2023 Urszula Słupska
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2023-06-012023-06-0113110.12775/JPM.2022.004The Amplification of the Bullwhip Effect in the Electronics Industry under the Influence of Panic Buying
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM/article/view/42481
<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The primary purpose of this article is to show the causes and consequences of supply shortages in semiconductors for the automotive and electronics industries in 2021. The subsidiary objectives describe the behaviour of company managers that contributed to this and make proposals for strengthening the resilience of supply chains to demand impulses through their digitization and transparency of information and material flows. The stated objectives are due to the research gap in the impact of panic buying on the bullwhip effect in the supply chains.<br /><strong>Method:</strong> The study was based on secondary and primary sources. An analysis of secondary data in the form of reports of Polish listed companies producing electronic devices for the years 2019 and 2021 was carried out in terms of inventory turnover. The year 2019 is treated as a base year, i.e., before the Covid-19 pandemic. In contrast, 2021 presents a period when electronic device manufacturers were already experiencing significant delays in semiconductor deliveries. For primary sources, one semiconductor manufacturer and three electronic device manufacturers were interviewed.<br /><strong>Findings:</strong> The increase in demand for electronic components, extended delivery times and reduced availability has caused electronic device manufacturers to increase their purchases and inventories for fear of production stoppages, further screwing up the demand spiral and component shortages. Decisions to increase inventories were to some extent based on the practice of panic buying and demonstrated a lack of transparency in supply chains.<br /><strong>Implications:</strong> The author proposes implementing digitalization and transparency in the supply network in place of the practice based on panic buying, which would significantly reduce production downtime for car makers and electronic device manufacturers, as well as the negative financial consequences related to production stoppages and scrapping of obsolete inventory.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> bullwhip effect, panic buying, semiconductor shortage, supply chain disruptions, Covid-19<br /><strong>Paper type:</strong> Research paper</p>Tomasz Urbańczyk
Copyright (c) 2023 Tomasz Urbańczyk
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2023-06-012023-06-0113110.12775/JPM.2022.005The Relations Between Dynamic Capabilities and Core Competencies. The Case Study of Uzdrowisko Ciechocinek S.A.
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM/article/view/42004
<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> This article addresses the relationship between dynamic capabilities and core competencies of companies. Both categories are among the most popular and practical issues in management science, fitting into the resource-based view of the firm. They should be consciously worked out in the company and both have the potential to become sources of sustainable competitive advantages. Despite a good study of the two issues in the literature, little attention has been paid to their relationship. The author has attempted to do so believing that it will contribute to further empirical research.<br /><strong>Method:</strong> A case study of a leading Polish sanatorium company, the Uzdrowisko Ciechocinek S.A., which is in the process of permanent and purposeful organizational changes, was used. The starting point for the empirical study is the theoretical model representing the relationship between dynamic capabilities, core competencies, core products/services, and end products/services of company.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The results obtained illustrate the positive relationship between the variables used in the study. It was found that dynamic capabilities positively influence changes of core competencies, and thus contribute to the development of core products/services and end products/services. These relationships support the creating and strengthening of sustainable competitive advantages of the studied enterprise despite the constant, intensive and often negative changes in the conditions of its business environment.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> dynamic capabilities, core competencies, strategic management, case study<br /><strong>Paper type:</strong> Research paper</p>Paweł Cegliński
Copyright (c) 2023 Paweł Cegliński
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2023-06-012023-06-0113110.12775/JPM.2022.006Social Competences In Times Of An Economic Crises
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM/article/view/42190
<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> In a turbulent economic environment, dealing with global changes brought about by pandemics and war conflicts, the use of legacy social competences needed to successfully run companies in supply chains has been challenged. Using legacy tools is not enough, as social competencies need to meet the digitalization of supply chains. The purpose of this article is to outline the patterns of competencies during economic crises and to establish the suitability of specific social competencies for running a business in a turbulent environment.<br /><strong>Design/Methodology/Approach:</strong> A survey of selected pharmaceutical industry experts was conducted in 2017 and 2020. These experts are highly qualified managers employed by transnational companies. Respondents were asked to determine the importance and relevance of the social competences chosen. Ten experts participated in the study and completed a survey form. The pharmaceutical sector was selected for the survey. This choice was motivated primarily by its specificity. The pharmaceutical sector is of exceptional importance, not only economically, but also socially, providing medicines to save lives.<br /><strong>Findings:</strong> When analysing social competencies, one can see a variety of intercultural skills, foreign language skills, the ability to compromise, the ability to transfer knowledge and, finally, the ability to adapt to change. This is a must-have set for managers who want to manage international teams in times of economic crises.<br /><strong>Implications/limitations:</strong> The proposed set of social competences and the pattern of management of these competences is so universal that comparative analysis in many industries can be carried out using it. It is also worth considering comparative studies in several countries of the same industry.<br /><strong>Originality/value:</strong> This paper aims to answer the following question: which social competences are proving essential for future managers in the pharmaceutical industry in an unstable environment? The answer to this question is crucial for research and educational institutions aiming to develop social competences in future leaders.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> social competence, economic crisis, key competencies, social capital<br /><strong>Paper type:</strong> Conceptual paper</p>Anna Łupicka
Copyright (c) 2023 Anna Łupicka
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2023-06-012023-06-0113110.12775/JPM.2022.007Testing The Relationship Between Trust And Positive Relationships Within A Top Management Team: A Second-Order Structural Equation Modeling Approach
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM/article/view/42886
<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationships between the following two main concepts: trust within a team and positive interpersonal relationships within a team based on empirical research conducted in top management teams (TMTs).<br /><strong>Design/Methodology/Approach:</strong> In accordance with the positive approach in management sciences, positive relationships and trust within teams are crucial resources which allow management teams to face the strategic challenges of the modern market. Based on critical literature review, the theoretical framework of the model was created to test the relationship between antecedents of trust and positive interpersonal relationships within TMTs. The study is based on a survey conducted on a sample of 123 top managers and members of teams in Poland. The verification of the theoretical model was performed based on a second-order structural equation modelling approach.<br /><strong>Findings:</strong> This research has shown a significant positive impact of trust on positive interpersonal relationships in TMT. In addition, it was shown that among the analysed antecedents of trust, competence has the strongest impact on positive interpersonal relations, especially connectivity.<br /><strong>Implications/limitations:</strong> This study has some limitations, such as the limitation to a quantitative method to focus on one specific aim. The sample size is not large, but nevertheless represents more than a quarter of the population of medium and large companies in the industry under study in which strategic decisions are made by teams. Furthermore, the cross-sectional nature of the study does not authorize causal claims, so future prospective studies are needed to develop knowledge about the nature and direction of the relationship between trust and positive relationships.<br /><strong>Originality/value:</strong> Studies of managerial teams in the field of interpersonal relations are rare. This paper contributes to filling this gap by selecting TMT teams as subjects for research. The study reported in this paper contributes to current understanding of the nature of relationship between trust and positive relationships in team.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> trust, positive relationships, top management team (TMT), trust within a team<br /><strong>Paper type:</strong> Research paper</p>Barbara JozefowiczYusheng FuRodrigo Martin-Rojas
Copyright (c) 2023 Barbara Jozefowicz, Yusheng Fu, Rodrigo Martin-Rojas
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2023-06-012023-06-0113110.12775/JPM.2022.008The Missing Point Between Strategic Supplier Evaluation and Integration: A Dyadic Case Study
https://apcz.umk.pl/JPM/article/view/41068
<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The aim of this study is to explore the reasons for a supplier’s sudden withdrawal from<br />cooperation and thus to identify the missing element in the commonly used supplier evaluation<br />frameworks that determines the possibility of future dyadic integration in the supply chain.<br />Academic literature very often moves from supplier evaluation to strategic collaboration without<br />considering the activities between the two.<br /><strong>Methodology:</strong> The paper is based on a case study of customer-supplier dyad of manufacturing<br />companies. Based on the Purchasing Portfolio Matrix and the ‚Dutch windmill’ concept, the case of<br />supplier-customer relationship termination was investigated.<br /><strong>Findings:</strong> The study revealed that there should be an intermediate step between strategic supplier<br />evaluation and the transition to strategic cooperation. The customer was conducting an elaborate<br />evaluation of the supplier without being interested in how he was evaluated by his vendor. The findings<br />indicated the need for customers to learn about the criteria and rating level given by strategic<br />suppliers, also in relation to the ratings given to other customers.<br /><strong>Originality/value:</strong> The paper provides valuable practical implications that should help customers<br />avoid problems with suppliers and, in the worst case scenario, better prepare for the end of the relationship.<br />To generate these, a fairly uncommon research approach was used - the dyadic approach<br />in supply chain integration management.</p>Piotr Matlejewski
Copyright (c) 2023 Piotr Matlejewski
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2023-08-132023-08-1313110.12775/JPM.2022.009