@article{Kuchma_Gozhenko_Ruzhylo_Kovalchuk_Nahurna_Zukow_Popovych_2021, title={Immunotropic effects of nitrogenous metabolites in healthy humans}, volume={11}, url={https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.05.020}, DOI={10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.05.020}, abstractNote={<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;" align="justify"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt;">Background.</span></strong><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;"> We have previously shown that nitrogenous metabolites</span><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">have immunomodulatory effects,</span><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">both in healthy rats and in humans exposed to pathogenic influences. The purpose of this study is their immunotropic activity in clinically healthy people.</span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;"> </span><strong><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold;">Materials and Methods</span></strong><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">. </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">The object of observation</span><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">were </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">2</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">7</span><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">men </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">(</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">aged</span><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">24-63</span><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">ys</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">)</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;"> and 14 women </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">(3</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">3</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">-62</span><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">ys</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">)</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">. </span><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; font-size: 12,0000pt;">The plasma levels of the nitrogenous metabolites and parameters of immunity</span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;"> twice with an interval of 5 days</span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;"> </span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">was performed. </span><strong><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold;">Results</span></strong><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">. </span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">Judging by the multiple correlation coefficient</span><span style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">uric acid exhibits maximal immunotropic activity</span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;"> </span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">(R=0,665)</span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">, followed by creatinine (R=0,596) and urea (R=0,541), and closes the constellation of metabolites bilirubin, with the activity of conjugated bilirubin predominating over that of unconjugated (0,539 vs 0,484). Nitrogenous metabolites together upregulate the level in the blood of B-lymphocytes, CIC, IgG, IL-1, eosinophils and monocytes, as well as most parameters of phagocytosis by neutrophils Staph. aureus and E. coli. Instead, they downregulate the phagocytosis activity of Staph. aureus, the relative content of rod-shaped neutrophils, lymphocytes in general and NK-, T active and 0-Lymphocytes in particular. Downregulation of 0-Lymphocytes reflects upregulation of receptor expression, apparently CD22. </span><strong><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold;">Conclusion</span></strong><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: ’yes’; font-family: ’Times New Roman’;">. Nitrogenous metabolites exhibit immunotropic activity in both healthy rats and humans, as well as in patients.</span></p>}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Education, Health and Sport}, author={Kuchma, Igor and Gozhenko, Anatoliy and Ruzhylo, Sofiya and Kovalchuk, Galyna and Nahurna, Yaryna and Zukow, Walery and Popovych, Igor}, year={2021}, month={May}, pages={197–206} }