Designing hotspots in the public spaces and public greenery of modern cities – selected issues
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/EQ.2019.030Keywords
hotspot, Internet, green space, public space, smart city, wireless networkAbstract
The idea of smart cities is no longer just a vision of urban planners, authorities, and ordinary people – it is being implemented to an ever broader extent. Activities aimed at the accomplishment of the goals set for contemporary cities, oriented at making them “smart”, involve numerous areas, including public and green spaces. In order to increase the attractiveness of these areas and to encourage potential users to make use of them to an increasingly greater extent, it is recommended to make it possible for them to easily use wireless networks in public and green spaces, while at the same time working on the principles of organising the surroundings of the hotspots, increasing the comfort of their use. What is key in this respect is not only to adjust the parameters of the basic features of the WiFi signal, but also to take into consideration the spatial elements, such as the landform features and plant coverage. An analysis of the above-mentioned factors related to the use of Wi-Fi in the open air made it possible to formulate recommendations for shaping the hotspot space in these places. They apply to public spaces, including in particular green spaces in cities, as in these places, there is real demand for outdoor wireless Internet access.References
Bargh J.A. & McKenna K.Y.A., 2004, The Internet and Social Life, Annual Review of Psychology 55: 573-590.
Batorski D., 2013, Polacy wobec technologii cyfrowych – uwarunkowania dostępności i sposobów korzystania. Diagnoza Społeczna 2013. Warunki i Jakość Życia Polaków – Raport [Poles and communication technology – access conditions and modes of use. Social Diagnosis 2013. Objective nad subjective quality of life in Poland], Contemporary Economics [Special issue] 7: 317-341.
CBOS, 2018, Korzystanie z Internetu, Komunikat z badań 6/2018 [Using the Internet. Reserach Statement], Fundacja Centrum Badania Opinii Społecznej, Warszawa. (https://www.cbos.pl/SPISKOM.POL/2017/K_049_17.PDF), [Accessed 27 March 2019].
Chaładyniak D., 2009, Podstawy działania sieci bezprzewodowych [Wireless networking basics]. Warszawska Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki, Warszawa.
Dobbs R., Manyika J. & Woetzel J., 2015, No Ordinary Disruption. The four global forces breaking all the trends. McKinsey Report. McKinsey Global Institute.
Forlano L., 2008, Anytime? Anywhere?: Reframing Debates Around Municipal Wireless Networking. The Journal of Community Informatics 4(1): 1-23. (http://ci-journal.net/index.php/ciej/article/view/438/401), [Accessed 10 Apr. 2016].
Gdak E., 2013, Miejski Salon [City livingroom]. Zieleń Miejska 10(78): 32—34.
Gehl J., 1987, Life Between Buildings: Using Public Space. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
Gillett S.E., 2006, Municipal wireless broadband: Hype or harbinger? Southern California Law Review 79: 561-594.
Hampton K.N. & Gupta N., 2008, Community and Social Interaction in the Wireless City: Wi-Fi use in Public and Semi- Public Spaces, New Media & Society 10(6): 831-850.
Hampton K.N., Livio O. & Session L., 2010, The Social Life of Wireless Urban Spaces: Internet Use, Social Networks, and the Public Realm. Journal of Communication 60(4): 701–722.
Jasiński Ł., 2011, Pomiar tłumienia ścian i innych elementów charakterystycznych dla środowiska wewnątrzbudynkowego w paśmie 2,4 GHz [Suppression of walls and other characteristic elements in the 2,4 GHz band for the indoor environment]. Wrocław. (http://blog.alvarus.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Lukasz-Jasinski-Pomiar-tlumienia-scian-i-innych-elementow-charakterystycznych-dla-srodowiska-wewnatrzbudynkowego-w-pasmie-2-4GHz.pdf), [Accessed 10 July 2014].
Kimic K., Maksymiuk G. & Suchocka M., 2019, The application of new technologies in promoting a healthy lifestyle: selected examples. Bulletin of Geography, Socio-economic Series, 43(43): 121-130. (doi:: http://doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0008).
Kimic K., Suchocka M., Maksymiuk G., Kołodyńska N., 2016. Preferencje i oczekiwania użytkowników Internetu jako podstawa kształtowania hotspotów w przestrzeniach publicznych miast [Preferences and expectations of the Intenet users as basics for hotspot designing in public spaces], [in:] D. Gałuszko, G. Ptaszek, D. Żuchowska-Skiba (eds.), Technologiczno-społeczne oblicza XXI wieku [Technological and social aspects of the 21st century]. Wydawnictwo LIBRON, Kraków: 159-182.
Krzysztofek K. & Szczepański M., 2005, Zrozumieć rozwój. Od społeczeństw tradycyjnych do informacyjnych, Podręcznik socjologii rozwoju społecznego dla studentów socjologii, nauk politycznych i ekonomii [Understanding the development. From traditional to informational societies, Sociology of the social development for the students of sociology, political science and economics]. Wydawnictwo UŚ, Katowice.
Lacán I. & McBride J.R., 2009, City Trees and Municipal Wi-Fi Networks: Compatibility or Conflict? Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 35(4): 203-210.
Lubacz J.R. & Galar R, 1999, Infrastruktura informacyjna i okolice [Informational infrastructure and the surroundings], [in:] J. Lubacz (ed.), W drodze do społeczeństwa informacyjnego [On the way to the informational society]. Wydawnictwo OWPW, Warszawa.
Mesch G.S., 2009, The Internet and Youth Culture. The Hedgehog Review 11(1): 50-60. (http://www.iasc-culture.org/THR/hedgehog_review_2009-Spring.php), [Accessed 8 Aug. 2014].
Mysior R., 2016, Dwa światy – cyfrowi tubylcy, cyfrowi imigranci – cz. I [Two worlds – digital natives, digital immigrants – part I]. (http://www.remedium-psychologia.pl/2014_09_3.pdf; s. 1-2), [Accessed 12 March 2016].
Naisbitt J., 1992, Megatrends. Ten New Directions Transforming Our Lives. Warner Books, New York.
Park N., 2010, Integration of Internet Use with public spaces: College students’ use of the wireless Internet and offline socializing. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace 4(2), article 4. (https://cyberpsychology.eu/article/view/4236/3281), [Accessed 10 Apr. 2017].
Prensky M., 2001, Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants, On the Horizon, 9(5): 1-6. (https://doi.org/10.1108/10748120110424816), [Accessed 6 Apr. 2017].
Przybylski A.K., Murayama K., DeHaan C.R. & Gladwell V., 2013, Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4): 1841–1848.
Ruchinskaya T., Ioannidis K. & Kimic K., 2019, Revealing the Potential of Public Places: Adding a New Digital Layer to the Existing Thematic Gardens in Thessaloniki Waterfront, [in:] C. Smaniotto Costa, I. Šuklje Erjavec, M. de Lange, K. Ioannidis, G. Maksymiuk, M. de Waal (eds.), CyberParks – The Interface Between People, Places and Technology. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland: 181–195. (doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13417-4_15).
Roos D., 2011, How Wireless Mesh Networks Work. (http://computer.howstuffworks.com/how-wireless-mesh-networks-work.htm), [Accessed 13 Nov. 2014].
Stacewicz J., 1998, Polityka gospodarcza [Economic Policy], Warszawa, Oficyna Wydawnicza SGH.
Stróżyńska A., 2014, Stanowisko Prezesa UKE (dot. retencji danych) [The President of UKE opinion regarding data retention]. (https://www.uke.gov.pl/stanowisko-prezesa-uke-10964#), [Accessed 20 Oct. 2014].
Suchocka M., Kimic K., Maksymiuk G. & Kołodyńska N., 2017a, Outdoor hotspots as a tool for enhancing healthy lifestyles of ICT users. Design and development principles [in:] A. Zammit and Th. Kenna (eds.), Enhancing places through technology. Proceedings from the ICiTy conference Valletta, Malta – April 18-19, 2016, Series: Culture&Territory, CyberParks Project. Edições Universitárias Lusófonas Lisbon: 153-165.
Suchocka M., Maksymiuk G., Kimic K. & Kołodyńska N., 2017b. Behaviour, expectations and preferences of ‘digital natives’ in regard to the design of urban public spaces [in:] A. Zammit and Th. Kenna (eds.), Enhancing places through technology. Proceedings from the ICiTy conference Valletta, Malta – April 18-19, 2016, Series: Culture&Territory, CyberParks Project. Edições Universitárias Lusófonas Lisbon: 117-128.
Suchocka M., Jankowski P. & Błaszczyk M., 2019a, Perception of Urban Trees by Polish Tree Professionals vs. Non-Professionals. Sustainability 11(1): 211. (doi: org/10.3390/su11010211).
Suchocka M., Jankowski P., & Błaszczyk M., 2019b. Tree protection on construction sites – knowledge and perception of Polish professionals. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Vol 46, 126436. (doi: org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.126436).
Suchocka M., Błaszczyk M., Juźwiak A., Duriasz J., Bohdan A. & Stolarczyk J., 2019c, Transit verus Nature. Value Depreciation of Road Alleys. Case study: Gamerki-Jonkowo, Poland. Sustainability 11(6): 1816. (doi: 10.3390/su110618).
UKE, 2013, Office of Electronic Communications. (https://uke.gov.pl/en/), [Accessed 22 Oct. 2014].
Tinnilä M., 2012, Impact of Future Trends on Banking Services, Journal of Internet Banking & Commerce 17(2): 1-15, Special section.
Wilson R., 2002, Propagation Losses Through Common Building Materials 2,4 GHz vs 5 GHz. Reflection and Transmission Losses Through Common Bulding Materials, Magis Network, Inc. (https://www.am1.us/wp-content/uploads/Documents/E10589_Propagation_Losses_2_and_5GHz.pdf), [Accessed 22 Oct. 2018].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 618
Number of citations: 2